J. Anim Sci.
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Published online first on October 10, 2008
J. Anim Sci. 1910. doi:10.2527/jas.2008-1427
© 2008 American Society of Animal Science
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Board Invited Review: The biology and regulation of preadipocytes and adipocytes in meat animals

G. J. Hausman1, M. V. Dodson2, K. Ajuwon3, M. Azain4, K. M. Barnes5, L. L. Guan6, Z. Jiang2, S. P. Poulos7, R. D. Sainz8, S. Smith9, M. Spurlock10, J. Novakofski11, M. E. Fernyhough2 and W. G. Bergen12

1 USDA-ARS, Richard B. Russell Agricultural Research Station, Athens, GA, 30604 , 2 Department of Animal Science, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164 , 3 Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907 , 4 Animal and Dairy Science Department, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602 , 5 Division of Animal and Nutritional Sciences, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506 , 6 Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada T6G 2R3 , 7 The Coca-Cola Company, Research and Technology, Atlanta, GA 30313 , 8 Department of Animal Science, University of California, Davis, CA 95616 , 9 Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843 , 10 Departments of Food Science & Human Nutrition and Animal Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50010 , 11 Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 12 Department of Animal Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849

ghausman{at}saa.ars.usda.gov

Abstract

The quality and value of the carcass in domestic meat animals is reflected in its protein and fat content. Preadipocytes and adipocytes are important in establishing the overall fatness of a carcass, as well as being the main contributors to the marbling component needed for consumer preference of meat products. Although some fat accumulation is essential, any excess fat that is deposited into adipose depots other than the marbling fraction is energetically unfavorable and reduces efficiency of production. Hence, this review is focused on current knowledge about the biology and regulation of the important cells of adipose tissue; preadipocytes and adipocytes.

Key Words: adipocyte • meat animals • preadipocyte • review






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