J. Anim Sci.
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Published online first on August 15, 2008
J. Anim Sci. 1910. doi:10.2527/jas.2008-1234
© 2008 American Society of Animal Science
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Effect of diet containing phytate and phytase on the activity and mRNA expression of carbohydrase and transporter in chickens

N. Liu*, Y. J. Ru{dagger}, F. D. Li* and A. J. Cowieson{ddagger}

* Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China, 730070 , {dagger} Danisco Animal Nutrition, Science Park III, Singapore, 117525 {ddagger} Danisco Animal Nutrition, Marlborough, Wiltshire, SN8 1XN, UK

lifd{at}gsau.edu.cn

Abstract

The effect of dietary phytate and phytase on carbohydrase activity and hexose transport was investigated in broiler chickens. Diets containing phytate phosphorus (2.2 or 4.4 g/kg) with different phytase dose rates (0, 500, or 1,000 phytase units/kg) were fed to 504 female Cobb chicks for 3 wk. Diets containing high phytate concentrations depressed (P < 0.05) BW and gain:feed ratio, whereas phytase supplementation improved (P < 0.05) the performance of birds. In the duodenum, phytate decreased (P < 0.05) the activities of disaccharidases, Na+K+-ATPase, and glucose levels by 5 to 11%, but phytase enhanced (P < 0.05) the levels of amylase, sucrase, maltase, Na+K+-ATPase and glucose by 5 to 30%. In the jejunum, phytate decreased (P < 0.05) the levels of amylase, sucrase, Na+K+-ATPase and glucose by 10 to 22%, and phytase alleviated the negative effect of phytate on above parameters. Ingestion of diets containing phytate also decreased (P < 0.05) serum amylase activity and glucose concentration, and phytase enhanced (P < 0.05) serum levels of amylase, sucrase, maltase, Na+K+-ATPase and glucose. There were also interactions (P < 0.05) between phytate and phytase on the concentrations of serum amylase, duodenal amylase, sucrase, and jejunal glucose. Enzymatic analysis at a molecular level showed that neither phytate nor phytase influenced the mRNA expression of sucrase-isomaltase in the small intestine. Also, the investigation into sodium glucose cotransporter gene (SGLT-1) may challenge the mechanism by which phytate interferes with glucose utilization, as partly indicated by bird performance, and transmembrane transport, because diets containing increased phytate up-regulated (P < 0.05) the mRNA expression of SGLT-1 in duodenum and did not influence it in jejunum. These results indicate that phytate can impair endogenous carbohydrase activity and digestive competence, and phytase can ameliorate these effects for chickens.

Key Words: carbohydrase • chicken • Na+k+-ATPase • phytase • phytate • sodium-glucose cotransporter gene-1






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