J. Anim Sci.
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Published online first on September 2, 2008
J. Anim Sci. 1910. doi:10.2527/jas.2007-0177
© 2008 American Society of Animal Science
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Duration of feeding linseed diet influences expression of inflammation related genes and growth performance of growing-finishing barrows

Z. P. Zhan, F. R. Huang, J. Luo, J. J. Dai, X. H. Yan and J. Peng

Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, P. R. China

pengjianhzau{at}163.com

Abstract

The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of dietary linseed (rich in n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid, PUFA) on expression of inflammation related genes and on growth performance of growing-finishing barrows. Two isoenergetic and isonitrogenous diets were formulated, and 1 was the basal diet and the other contained 10% linseed. Twenty-four Landrace x Yorkshire barrows weighing 35 ± 3.7 kg were randomly assigned to 4 treatment groups with 6 pigs per group. During the whole experimental period of 90 days, these four groups (T1, T2, T3 and T4) of pigs were fed first the basal diet and then the linseed diet for 0, 30, 60, and 90 d prior to slaughter, respectively. Pig growth, mRNA expression of peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor-{gamma} (PPAR{gamma}) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-{alpha} (TNF-{alpha}) and plasma concentrations of the 3 proinflammatory cytokines were measured and analyzed. ADFI did not differ among treatment groups (P > 0.05), but ADG (P < 0.05) and G:F (P < 0.01) responded quadratically to the duration of linseed diet feeding, and pigs of T3 group had the greatest ADG and G:F. The mRNA expression of PPAR{gamma} in loin muscle and spleen increased linearly (P < 0.01) with the duration of linseed diet feeding, while its expression in adipose tissue was not affected (P = 0.095). TNF-{alpha} and IL-6 mRNA expression levels in muscle, adipose, and spleen, as well as serum concentration of TNF-{alpha} decreased linearly (P < 0.01) with the duration of linseed diet feeding. The PPAR{gamma} mRNA level negatively correlated with IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-{alpha} mRNA levels both in muscle (R2 = 0.63, P < 0.001) and in spleen (R2 = 0.69, P < 0.001), and PPAR{gamma} mRNA expression in spleen (R2 = 0.59, P < 0.01) or muscle (R2 = 0.52, P < 0.05) negatively correlated with serum TNF-{alpha} concentration. There were also significant quadratic relations between ADG and muscular PPAR{gamma} (P < 0.05) or splenic TNF-{alpha} (P < 0.05) expression. These data suggested that intake of n-3 PUFA from linseed diet lead to significant decreases in the expressions of proinflammatory cytokine genes, which may stimulate growth in growing-finishing barrows, at least in part, through a PPAR{gamma}-dependent mechanism.

Key Words: Growth • linseed • n-3 PUFA • pigs • proinflammatory cytokine • PPAR{gamma}






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