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ARTICLE |
1 University of California, Davis, CA 95616
2 Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14850
3 USDA-ARS, US Meat Animal Research Center, Clay Center, NE 68933
4 Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506
5 Texas A & M University, College Station, TX 77840
6 Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70803
7 New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM 88003
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: alvaneenennaam{at}ucdavis.edu.
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Abstract |
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Associations between 3 commercially-available genetic marker panels (GeneSTAR Quality Grade, GeneSTAR Tenderness, and Igenity TenderGENE) and quantitative beef traits were validated by the U.S. National Beef Cattle Evaluation Consortium. Validation was interpreted to be the independent confirmation of associations between genetic tests and phenotypes as claimed by commercial genotyping companies. Validation of the quality grade test was carried out on 400 Charolais x Angus crossbred cattle, and validation of the tenderness tests was carried out on over 1,000 Bos taurus and Bos indicus cattle. The GeneSTAR Quality Grade marker panel is comprised of 2 markers (TG5, a SNP upstream from the start of the first exon of thyroglobulin and QG2, an anonymous SNP) and is being marketed as a test associated with marbling and quality grade. In this validation study, the genotype results from this test were not associated with marbling score, however the association of substituting favorable alleles of the marker panel with increased quality grade (percentage of cattle grading Choice or Prime) approached significance (P 
0.06), mainly due to the effect of 1 of the 2 markers. The GeneSTAR Tenderness and Igenity TenderGENE marker panels are being marketed as tests associated with meat tenderness as assessed by Warner-Bratzler shear force. These marker panels share 2 common µ-calpain SNP but each has a different calpastatin SNP. In both panels, there were highly significant (P < 0.001) associations of the calpastatin marker and the µ-calpain haplotype with tenderness. The genotypic effects of the 2 tenderness panels were very similar to each other, with a 1 kg difference in Warner-Bratzler shear force being observed between the most and least tender genotypes. Unbiased and independent validation studies are important to help build confidence in marker technology and also represent a potential source of data required to enable the integration of maker data into genetic evaluations. As DNA tests associated with more beef production traits enter the marketplace, it will become increasingly important, and likely more difficult, to find independent populations with suitable phenotypes for validation studies.
Key Words: beef quality, commercial DNA test, genetic marker, validation
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