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ARTICLE |
1 Department of Animal and Veterinary Science, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID 83844
2 Beef Northwest Feeders, Nyssa, OR 97913
3 Pioneer Hi-Bred International, Johnston, IA 50131-0002
4 Koers-Turgeon Consulting Services, Inc., Amarillo, TX 79188
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: jszasz{at}vetmed.wsu.edu.
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Abstract |
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Six ruminally and duodenally cannulated Angus-Jersey crossbred steers (450 kg BW) were used in a 6 x 6 Latin square to evaluate the impact of kernel vitreousness and moisture on intake and digestibility of high-moisture corn. Arranged in a 2 x 3 factorial, diets included a floury (FLO) or a vitreous (VIT) endosperm corn hybrid harvested at DRY (28.1%), MID (31.2%), or WET (35.7%) kernel moisture content. Diet DM consisted of 88.25% high-moisture corn, 6% chopped alfalfa hay, 2% corn gluten meal, 0.75% urea, and 3% supplement. Supplement was included to ensure diets contained a minimum (DM basis) of 0.6% Ca, 0.6% K, 0.2% S, 33 mg/kg monensin, and 11 mg/kg tylosin. Geometric mean diameter of lyophilized high-moisture corn tended to be less (P = 0.06) for VIT than for FLO and calculated particle surface area was 15.8% greater (P = 0.03). An interaction of vitreousness with the quadratic effect of moisture was noted (P < 0.001), such that fraction a and effective degradation for starch tended to be greater for the vitreous hybrid at the lowest and highest moisture content but lower for the vitreous hybrid at the intermediate moisture content. Intake and ruminal disappearance of DM, OM, and starch were not influenced by vitreousness or moisture with ruminal starch disappearance averaging 90.9%. Intestinal starch digestion measured as a percent of starch entering intestines averaged 91% and was greater (P < 0.05) for VIT than FLO corn. Averaged across moisture levels, total tract starch digestibility was greater (P < 0.003) for VIT than FLO. Compared with FLO kernels, VIT kernels appeared to be more brittle and therefore shattered more readily when rolled, particularly at the driest kernel moisture level. Furthermore, increased surface area of smaller particles may have been responsible for the greater starch utilization from VIT corn. In contrast with results from other in situ and in vivo trials with dry-rolled corn grain where starch from vitreous hybrids was less rapidly or completely digested, hybrids with more vitreous starch, when fed as high-moisture corn, had greater total tract starch digestibility, primarily due to greater postruminal starch digestion.
Key Words: in situ, intestine, rumen, starch, steer
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  M. K. Luebbe, G. E. Erickson, T. J. Klopfenstein, and W. A. Fithian Influence of Corn Hybrid Traits and Processing Method on Nutrient Digestibility Professional Animal Scientist, August 1, 2009; 25(4): 496 - 509. [Abstract] [PDF]
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 F. W. Harrelson, M. K. Luebbe, N. F. Meyer, G. E. Erickson, T. J. Klopfenstein, D. S. Jackson, and W. A. Fithian Influence of corn hybrid and processing method on nutrient digestibility, finishing performance, and carcass characteristics J Anim Sci, July 1, 2009; 87(7): 2323 - 2332. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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