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Low feed intake of lactating primiparous sows is associated with high insulin resistance during the peri partum period and is not modified through supplementation with dietary tryptophan

E. Mosnier^*,,, N. Le Floc’h^*,, M. Etienne^*,, P. Ramaekers, B. Sève^*, and M.-C. Père^*,

^* INRA, UMR1079 SENAH, F-35000 Rennes, France , Agrocampus Rennes, UMR1079, F-35000 Rennes, France Nutreco Agriculture Research and Development, 5832 AE Boxmeer, The Netherlands

Marie-Christine.Pere{at}rennes.inra.fr

Abstract

The aim of this experiment was to investigate whether insulin resistance is related to the dietary concentration of Trp and the ADFI of primiparous sows having similar body conditions. Twenty four primiparous sows were catheterized on d 97 of pregnancy. Blood samples were drawn during 3 tests: after the ingestion of 1.5 kg of feed (meal test), after the intravenous infusion of 0.5 g of glucose/kg BW (glucose tolerance test), and during an euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp with an infusion rate of 100 ng insulin·kg BW^-1·min^-1. Both tests were performed at 4 stages, i.e. at approximately d 103 and 110 of pregnancy and at d 3 and 10 of lactation. Sows were fed a diet containing 0.16 or 0.26% of total Trp (suboptimal vs. slight excessive Trp supply according to recommendations for lactating sows) from d 104 of pregnancy after the first clamp until weaning. The dietary treatment did not result in differences in ADFI, BW and backfat changes, and growth of piglets during lactation. Plasma Trp concentration was greater for the sows allocated to the slight excessive Trp diet than for the sows allocated to the suboptimal Trp diet (P < 0.05). Plasma glucose, NEFA, and urea profiles during the meal tests were not affected by the dietary treatment. At d 3 of lactation, the insulin concentration at 105 (P = 0.03) and 120 min (P = 0.04) after meal intake was lower for the sows allocated to the slight excessive Trp diet than for the sows allocated to the suboptimal Trp diet. On d 10 of lactation, the glucose half life (P = 0.03) and the time needed to reach 25% of the area under the insulin curve (P = 0.04) during the tolerance test were lower for the sows allocated to the slight excessive Trp diet than for the sows allocated to the suboptimal Trp diet. The glucose infusion rate during euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamps was similar in the 2 Trp groups of sows. Irrespective of the dietary treatment, the ADFI of the sows was negatively related to the glucose half life during the glucose tolerance test and positively related to the glucose infusion rate during the clamp (P < 0.05). This relationship observed with the tests performed during early lactation was already found with the tests performed during late pregnancy (P < 0.02). Present findings indicate that a dietary Trp supply of 0.26% does not increase feed intake in lactating primiparous sows which questions on the interest in Trp supplementation during the peri partum period. Irrespective of the dietary treatment, the reasons why sows with similar rearing conditions develop different rates of insulin resistance during pregnancy remains to be elucidated.

Key Words: farrowing • feed intake • insulin resistance • primiparous sow • tryptophan