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Effect of selenium supplementation and plane of nutrition on mares and their foals: Selenium concentrations and glutathione peroxidase

B. J. Karren^*, J. F. Thorson^,, C. A. Cavinder^*, C. J. Hammer^, and J. A. Coverdale^*

^* Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University, College Station 77843 , Department of Animal Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo 58105 Center for Nutrition and Pregnancy, Fargo 58105

jcover{at}tamu.edu

Abstract

To investigate maternal plane of nutrition and role of Se yeast on muscle Se concentration, plasma glutathione peroxidase (Gsh-Px) activity, and colostrum Se concentration in mares and their foals, 28 Quarter Horse mares (465 to 612 kg BW, and 6 to 19 yr of age) were used in a study utilizing a randomized complete block design. Mares were blocked by expected foaling date and randomly assigned to dietary treatment within block. Dietary treatments were arranged as a 2 x 2 factorial with 2 planes of nutrition, pasture or pasture plus grain mix (fed at 0.75% BW on an as-fed basis) and 2 concentrations of Se yeast supplementation (0 or 0.3 mg/kg DMI), resulting in 4 treatments: pasture (P), pasture + grain mix (PG), pasture + grain mix + Se (PGS), or pasture + Se (PS). Mares fed diets P and PS received approximately 100% of the calculated 2007 NRC DE requirements, while PG and PGS received 120%. Selenium supplementation began 110 d prior to estimated foaling date and treatments were terminated at parturition. Blood and muscle (biopsy) samples were collected on d 0 and then every 14 or 28 d, respectively, thereafter until parturition. Additionally, BW, BCS, and rump fat (RF) were recorded every 14 d. At parturition, colostrum, foal plasma, and muscle samples were collected and sampling continued every 14 d for plasma and 28 d for muscle until d 56. Mare BW, BCS, and RF were affected by plane of nutrition (P 0.02) but not by Se supplementation. Mares fed grain mix had greater (P < 0.05) BW, BCS, and RF measurements throughout the experiment. Mare plasma, muscle, and colostrum Se concentrations were greater (P < 0.01) in mares fed Se. Mares fed grain mix had greater plasma Se (P = 0.02) than mares on pasture alone. Mare and foal plasma Gsh-Px concentrations were not affected by treatment. Foal plasma and muscle Se concentrations were greater when dams were fed supplemental grain mix (P = 0.04 and 0.02, respectively) and supplemental Se (P < 0.001). Results indicated that maternal plane of nutrition and Se supplementation affect mare and foal plasma, muscle, and colostrum Se concentrations but not Gsh-Px activity.

Key Words: digestible energy • equine • glutathione peroxidase • selenium