J. Anim Sci.
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J. Anim Sci. 2009. 87:835-843. doi:10.2527/jas.2008-1252
© 2009 American Society of Animal Science
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ANIMAL GENETICS

Refined mapping of twinning-rate quantitative trait loci on bovine chromosome 5 and analysis of insulin-like growth factor-1 as a positional candidate gene1

E.-S. Kim*, X. Shi*,{dagger}, O. Cobanoglu{ddagger}, K. Weigel§, P. J. Berger# and B. W. Kirkpatrick*,§,2

* Department of Animal Sciences, University of Wisconsin, Madison 53706; and {dagger} College of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan 650201 China; and {ddagger} Department of Biology, Namik Kemal University, 59100 Tekirdag, Turkey; and § Department of Dairy Sciences, University of Wisconsin, Madison 53706; and # Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames 50010

2 Corresponding author: bwkirkpa{at}wisc.edu

Twinning in cattle is a complex trait that is associated with economic loss and health issues such as abortion, dystocia, and reduced calf survival. Twinning-rate QTL have been detected previously on BTA5 in the North American Holstein and Norwegian dairy cattle populations and in a USDA herd selected for high twinning rate. In previous work with the North American Holstein population, the strongest evidence for a QTL was obtained from analysis of an extended, multiple-generation family. Using additional animals, an increased density of SNP marker association tests, and a combined linkage and linkage disequilibrium mapping method, we refined the position of this QTL in the North American Holstein population. Two sets of twinning-rate predicted transmitting abilities estimated during 2 different time periods in the North American dairy cattle population were used to provide validation of results. A total of 106 SNP and 3 microsatellites were used to scan the genomic region between 5 and 80 Mb on BTA5. Combined linkage-linkage disequilibrium analysis identified significant evidence for QTL within the 25- to 35-Mb and 64- to 70-Mb regions of BTA5. The IGF-1 gene (IGF1) was examined as a positional candidate gene and an SNP in intron 2 of IGF1 was significantly associated with twinning rate by using both data sets (P = 0.003 and P = 1.05 x 10–6). Replication of this association in other cattle populations will be required to examine the extent of linkage disequilibrium with the underlying quantitative trait nucleotide across breeds.

Key Words: bovine • cattle • insulin-like growth factor-1 • ovulation • twin






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