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The use of link provider data to improve national genetic evaluation across weakly connected subpopulations¹

H. Nakaoka^*, C. Gaillard, K. Fujinaka, N. Watanabe, M. Ito^#, K. Kawada^||, T. Ibi^¶, Y. Sasae^¶ and Y. Sasaki^*,2

^* Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan; and Institute of Genetics, VETSUISSE Faculty, University of Berne, CH3012 Berne, Switzerland; and Hyogo Prefectural Technology Center for Agriculture, Hyogo, 679-0198, Japan; and Oita Prefectural Research Center for Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, Oita, 878-0201, Japan; and ^# Kusu Livestock Hygiene Service Center, Oita, 879-4414, Japan; and ^|| The Cattle Museum, Oshu-city, Iwate, 029-4205, Japan; and ^¶ Department of Animal Research, Agura Farm, Nasushiobara, Tochigi, 325-0033, Japan

² Corresponding author: sasaki{at}kra.biglobe.ne.jp

Data from 3 prefectures and a nationwide farming corporation were used to assess the usefulness of the "link provider data" in providing indirect genetic links for the national genetic evaluation for carcass weight across weakly connected subpopulations of the Japanese Black cattle. The data from the farming corporation provided genetic links to those of all prefectures and was therefore used as the link provider data. Two national genetic evaluation strategies under an animal model were compared, based on the generalized coefficient of determination (CD) of contrasts between mean EBV of sires or maternal grandsires (MGS) from different prefectures: strategy PA-1 was a pooled analysis of the data sets of the 3 prefectures, and strategy PA-2 was a pooled analysis of the data sets of the 3 prefectures and the farming corporation. The CD of the contrasts were greater for PA-2 than for PA-1. Under PA-2, the CD of the contrasts between mean EBV of sires or MGS ranged from 0.67 to 0.78 or from 0.61 to 0.70, respectively. Pooling the data from the 3 prefectures and the farming corporation increased the degree of connectedness through the link provider data rather than the amount of information by adding more data, thus improving the accuracy of prediction. The differences between mean EBV of sires or MGS from different prefectures were smaller for PA-1 than for PA-2. This finding suggests that genetic differences in carcass weight among prefectures are present, but that they would be confused with the environmental differences under PA-1 because of the lack of genetic connectedness among the prefectures. On the other hand, the genetic differences among the prefectures would be predicted precisely under PA-2 because the genetic connectedness among the prefectures was improved by using the link provider data. The results demonstrate that the link provider data could be used to unify within-prefecture evaluation to form a Japanese national genetic evaluation across weakly connected subpopulations.

Key Words: beef cattle • connectedness • genetic evaluation • link provider data • mixed linear model • precision