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This Article Full Text Full Text (PDF) All Versions of this Article: jas.2007-0588v1 86/2/397    most recent Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Services Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Google Scholar Articles by Jenkins, T. C. Articles by Mosley, E. E. PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Jenkins, T. C. Articles by Mosley, E. E.

BOARD-INVITED REVIEW: Recent advances in biohydrogenation of unsaturated fatty acids within the rumen microbial ecosystem¹

T. C. Jenkins^*,2,3, R. J. Wallace^,4, P. J. Moate and E. E. Mosley^,5

^* Department of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634; and Rowett Research Institute, Bucksburn, Aberdeen AB21 9SB, United Kingdom; and University of Pennsylvania, Kennett Square 19348; and and University of Idaho, Department of Animal and Veterinary Science, Moscow 83844

² Corresponding author: tjnkns{at}clemson.edu

Recent advances in chromatographic identification of CLA isomers, combined with interest in their possible properties in promoting human health (e.g., cancer prevention, decreased atherosclerosis, improved immune response) and animal performance (e.g., body composition, regulation of milk fat synthesis, milk production), has renewed interest in biohydrogenation and its regulation in the rumen. Conventional pathways of biohydrogenation traditionally ignored minor fatty acid intermediates, which led to the persistence of oversimplified pathways over the decades. Recent work is now being directed toward accounting for all possible trans-18:1 and CLA products formed, including the discovery of novel bioactive intermediates. Modern microbial genetics and molecular phylogenetic techniques for identifying and classifying microorganisms by their small-subunit rRNA gene sequences have advanced knowledge of the role and contribution of specific microbial species in the process of biohydrogenation. With new insights into the pathways of biohydrogenation now available, several attempts have been made at modeling the pathway to predict ruminal flows of unsaturated fatty acids and biohydrogenation intermediates across a range of ruminal conditions. After a brief historical account of major past accomplishments documenting biohydrogenation, this review summarizes recent advances in 4 major areas of biohydrogenation: the microorganisms involved, identification of intermediates, the biochemistry of key enzymes, and the development and testing of mathematical models to predict biohydrogenation outcomes.

Key Words: biohydrogenation • rumen • microorganism • conjugated linoleic acid • modeling

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