J. Anim Sci.
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J. Anim Sci. 2008. 86:64-72. doi:10.2527/jas.2007-0399
© 2008 American Society of Animal Science
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ANIMAL GROWTH, PHYSIOLOGY, AND REPRODUCTION

Ectopic expression of porcine peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor {delta} regulates adipogenesis in mouse myoblasts1

Y. H. Yu, S. C. Wu, W. T. K. Cheng, H. J. Mersmann2 and S. T. Ding3

Department of Animal Science and Technology/Institute of Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan

3 Corresponding author: sding{at}ntu.edu.tw

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor {gamma} (PPAR{gamma}) plays a critical role in regulating adipogenesis. The expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor {delta} (PPAR{delta}) precedes that of PPAR{gamma} during adipocyte differentiation in rodents. The current experiment was designed to study the function of porcine PPAR{delta} and the interaction of PPAR{delta} and PPAR{gamma} in adipocyte differentiation. Inhibition of myogenesis was observed in mouse myoblasts expressing porcine PPAR{delta}, similar to myoblasts expressing PPAR{gamma}. Treatment of myoblasts expressing PPAR{delta} with ligands for both PPAR{delta} and PPAR{gamma} enhanced lipogenesis and adipogenesis to a greater extent than treatment with a PPAR{gamma} ligand alone, suggesting that both genes were involved in regulating lipogenesis and adipogenesis. The ability to transdifferentiate myoblasts into adipocytes was decreased in myoblasts coexpressing PPAR{delta} with either wild type or mutated PPAR{gamma} (Ser 112 was mutated to Ala; the mutated PPAR{gamma} is more active than the wild type) compared with myoblasts expressing PPAR{gamma} alone. Adipocyte differentiation in myoblasts coexpressing PPAR{delta} and mutated PPAR{gamma} was greater than in myoblasts coexpressing PPAR{delta} and wild type PPAR{gamma}, confirming that Ser 112 is important for the function of PPAR{gamma}. Taken together, our results demonstrate that overexpression of PPAR{delta} inhibits myotube formation and also enhances adipocyte differentiation. However, the complexity and interaction of PPAR{delta} and PPAR{gamma} in adipogenesis are not clearly understood.

Key Words: adipocyte differentiation • myogenin • peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor {delta} • peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor {gamma} • pig






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