HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ARCHIVE SEARCH TABLE OF CONTENTS		QUICK SEARCH:   [advanced] Author: Keyword(s): Year:  Vol:  Page:

This Article Full Text Full Text (PDF) Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Services Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Maddock, T. D. Articles by Lardy, G. P. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Maddock, T. D. Articles by Lardy, G. P.

Effect of processing flax in beef feedlot diets on performance, carcass characteristics, and trained sensory panel ratings¹

T. D. Maddock^*, M. L. Bauer^*, K. B. Koch, V. L. Anderson, R. J. Maddock, G. Barceló-Coblijn^#, E. J. Murphy^# and G. P. Lardy^*,2

^* Department of Animal and Range Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo 58105 and Northern Crops Institute, Fargo, ND 58105; and Carrington Research Extension Center, Carrington, ND 58421 and Animal and Range Sciences Department, South Dakota State University, Brookings 57007 and ^# Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Therapeutics, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks 58203

² Corresponding author: glardy{at}ndsuext.nodak.edu

To assess the effects of flax addition and flax processing on feedlot performance and carcass characteristics, 128 yearling beef heifers (360 ± 14 kg of initial BW) were blocked by weight and assigned randomly to feedlot diets that included no flax (control), whole flax (WHL), rolled flax (RLD; 1,300 µm), or ground flax (GRD; 700 µm). Heifers were fed a growth diet (31% corn, 30% corn silage, 18% barley malt pellets, 14% alfalfa, 4% linseed meal, and 3% supplement; DM basis) for 56 d, after which they were adapted to a finishing diet (79% corn, 7% corn silage, 7% alfalfa, 4.75% linseed meal, and 2.25% supplement; DM basis). In WHL, RLD, and GRD, flax replaced all linseed meal and partially replaced corn at 8% of diet DM. All diets provided 0.5 mg of melengestrol acetate, 2,000 IU of vitamin E, and 232 mg of monensin per heifer daily. Cattle were slaughtered by block after 96, 97, and 124 (2 blocks) d on feed. At 24 h postmortem, carcass data were collected, and a portion of the loin was removed, vacuum-packaged, and aged for 14 d. After aging, 2 steaks were removed from each loin for Warner-Bratzler shear force measurement, sensory panel evaluation, and fatty acid analysis (approximately 100 g of muscle was collected). Flax inclusion (WHL, RLD, and GRD vs. control) did not affect DMI (P = 0.79), fat thickness over the 12th rib (P = 0.32), or LM area (P = 0.23). Flax inclusion increased ADG (P = 0.006), G:F (P = 0.006), and USDA yield grade (P = 0.01). Flax processing (RLD and GRD vs. WHL) increased ADG (P = 0.05), G:F (P = 0.08), and apparent dietary NE_m and NE_g (P = 0.003). Muscle from heifers fed flax had greater phospholipid 18:3n-3 (P < 0.001), 20:5n-3 (P < 0.001), 22:5n-3 (P < 0.001), and 22:6n-3 (P = 0.02) fractions, and greater neutral lipid 18:3n-3 (P < 0.001). Feeding 8% flax to feedlot heifers increased gain and efficiency, and processing flax increased available energy and resulted in increased efficiency of gain. Feeding 8% flax also increased levels of n-3 fatty acids in fresh beef.

Key Words: beef cattle • fatty acid • finishing • flax • processing • sensory characteristic

This article has been cited by other articles:

				B. W. Hess, G. E. Moss, and D. C. Rule A decade of developments in the area of fat supplementation research with beef cattle and sheep J Anim Sci, April 1, 2008; 86(14_suppl): E188 - E204. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				S. P. Montgomery, J. S. Drouillard, T. G. Nagaraja, E. C. Titgemeyer, and J. J. Sindt Effects of supplemental fat source on nutrient digestion and ruminal fermentation in steers J Anim Sci, March 1, 2008; 86(3): 640 - 650. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]