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Efficacy of spray-drying to reduce infectivity of pseudorabies and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) viruses and seroconversion in pigs fed diets containing spray-dried animal plasma¹

J. Polo^*,2, J. D. Quigley, L. E. Russell, J. M. Campbell, J. Pujols and P. D. Lukert

^* APC Europe, S.A., Agda. Sant Julia 246-258. Pol. Ind. El Congost, E-08400 Granollers, Spain; and APC Inc., Ankeny, IA 50021; and Animal Health Institute CreSA, UAB Campus, CreSA, E-08193 Barcelona, Spain; and and Department of Medical Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens 30602

² Correspondence—phone: + 34 93 861 50 60; fax: +34 93 849 59 83; e-mail: javier.polo{at}ampc-europe.com.

Three experiments were conducted to evaluate viral inactivation by the spray-drying process used in the production of spray-dried animal plasma (SDAP). In Exp. 1, bovine plasma was inoculated with pseudorabies virus (PRV) grown in PK 15 cells. Three 4-L batches were spray-dried in the same manner and conditions of industrial SDAP production but with laboratory spray-drying equipment. Presence of infectivity was determined before and after spray-drying by microtiter assay in PK 15 cell cultures. Before spray-drying, all three samples contained 10^5.3 tissue culture infectious dose₅₀ (TCID₅₀)/mL of PRV. After four consecutive passages, no viable virus was detected in samples of spray-dried bovine plasma. In Exp. 2, bovine plasma was inoculated with porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome (PRRS) virus propagated previously in MARC cell culture to provide approximately 10^6.3 TCID₅₀/mL. Three 4-L batches were spray-dried in the same manner as Exp. 1. Before spray-drying, samples contained TCID₅₀ of 10^4.0, 10^3.5, and 10^3.5/mL, respectively. After four consecutive passages in MARC cell cultures, no viable virus was detected in spray-dried bovine plasma. In Exp. 3, 36 weaned piglets (28 d of age) were fed a common diet for 14 d and were determined to be negative for PRV, PRRS, and porcine parvovirus titer. Afterwards, pigs were allotted to six pens with six pigs per pen and fed diets containing either 0 or 8% SDAP (as-fed basis) for 63 d. The SDAP used in the feed contained antibody (titer 1:400) against porcine parvovirus. Blood samples were collected from pigs on d 0 and 63 to determine whether feeding SDAP caused seroconversion and development of antibodies against parvovirus, PRRS, or PRV. Inclusion of SDAP in the diet improved growth of pigs without seroconversion. Spray-drying conditions used in this study were effective in eliminating viable pseudorabies and PRRS viruses from bovine plasma. In this study, feeding SDAP that contained functional antibodies did not promote seroconversion in naïve animals.

Key Words: Pigs • Porcine Parvovirus • Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus • Pseudorabies Virus • Spray-Dried Animal Plasma • Seroconversion

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