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Effect of diet composition and feeding pattern on the prececal digestibility of starches from diverse botanical origins measured with the mobile nylon bag technique in horses¹

A. de Fombelle^*, L. Veiga, C. Drogoul and V. Julliand^,2

^* EVIALIS, Talhouët, 56 250 Saint Nolff, France; and and ENESAD, 21079 Dijon cedex, France

² Correspondence: 26 bvd Dr. Petitjean, BP 87999 (phone: 33 380 77 25 59; fax: 33 380 77 25 84; e-mail: v.julliand{at}enesad.fr).

This trial was conducted to determine the extent of prececal starch digestibility depending on the botanical origin of starch and on diet characteristics (i.e., composition and feeding pattern). The prececal disappearance of six substrates (oats, barley, corn, horse bean, potato, and wheat) was measured in four cannulated horses fed (as-fed basis) 11.8 g/kg BW of a high-fiber (HF) or high-starch (HS) pelleted feed and 10.0 g/kg BW of meadow hay using the mobile bag technique (MBT). The daily feeding pattern was either three meals (two meals of pellets and one meal of hay) or five meals (three meals of pellets and two meals of hay). The experimental procedure was a 2 x 2 factorial arrangement tested in a Latin square design. After 2 wk of adaptation to the diet, collections were made on 5 d. Thirty nylon bags, composed of five bags of each substrate, were intubated to each horse during the ingestion of the morning meal. Bags were collected in the cecum, using a magnet, at 9 h postintubation. In spite of strong interindividual differences, approximately 80% of the intubated bags were collected. On average, the mean retention time of the bags was 6.2 h (±0.17). Regardless of the feeding pattern, the transit of the bags was faster when the fiber content of the diet was higher (P = 0.003). Likewise, regardless of the meal composition, transit was also faster when the ration was split into five daily meals (P = 0.001). The DM disappearance, corrected with particulate losses (DMD_c), differed depending on the substrate tested (33.5, 57.1, 63.8, 67.7, 78.6, and 86.2% for potato, horse bean, oats, barley, corn, and wheat, respectively; P = 0.001). The DMD_c of corn, barley, and potato was higher when HS was fed (P = 0.020); regardless of the substrate, DMD_c was higher with five daily meals (P = 0.001). The starch disappearance (StarchD_c) was different depending on the substrate (P = 0.001; 36.1, 71.2, 86.6, 89.2, 99.0, and 99.7% for potato, horse bean, barley, corn, wheat, and oats, respectively). Whatever the substrate, StarchD_c was higher when HS was fed (P = 0.007), but it was not affected by the feeding pattern of the diet. Although passage rate was modified and feed intake was different, the botanical origin of starch was the main factor that affected prececal starch disappearance in horses.

Key Words: Foregut • Horse • Mobile Nylon Bag • Nutrition Physiology • Starch Digestion • Transit Time

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