| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
|
|
|
|||||||
|
|||||||||
ANIMAL NUTRITION |
Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, Wooster 44691
2 Correspondence: 114 Gerlaugh Hall, OARDC, 1680 Madison Ave. (phone: 330-263-3900; fax: 330-263-3949; e-mail: loerch.1{at}osu.edu).
Abstract
Seventy-three Holstein steers (initial BW 138.5 ± 4.3 kg; approximately 3 mo of age) were allotted by BW to one of three growing-phase treatments to determine the effect of source and amount of energy on feedlot performance, and characteristics of subcutaneous (s.c.) and intramuscular (i.m.) adipose tissue. Treatment diets were 1) high concentrate fed ad libitum (ALC); 2) high forage fed ad libitum for 55 d, then a mid-level forage diet fed ad libitum for 98 d (ALF); or 3) limit-fed high concentrate to achieve a gain of 0.8 kg/d for 55 d, then to achieve a gain of 1.2 kg/d for 98 d (LFC). All steers were fed the ALC diet from d 154 to slaughter. Eight steers per treatment were selected after an average of 145 and 334 d on feed for determination of adipocyte cellularity and lipogenic enzyme activity at the end of the growing and finishing phases, respectively. Remaining steers were slaughtered after an average of 334 d on feed. At initial slaughter, ALC steers had a two- to threefold greater (P < 0.05) s.c. fat depth, and 1.9-fold greater (P < 0.01) longissimus muscle ether extract than steers in other groups. At final slaughter, LFC steers had a greater fat depth than ALF steers (P < 0.10) and had the greatest (P < 0.10) longissimus muscle ether extract. Increased fat depth for ALC steers at initial slaughter was a result of a greater (P < 0.05) mean adipocyte diameter in the s.c. depot. Mean i.m. adipocyte diameter followed the same trend (P < 0.16). The number of adipocytes per gram of s.c. fat was least for ALC and greatest for ALF (P < 0.10) at initial slaughter. Mean diameter and number of adipocytes per gram of i.m. and s.c. fat did not differ among treatments at final slaughter (after 180 d on a common finishing diet). High energy (ALC) increased activities of ATP-citrate lyase, fatty acid synthase, 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, and malate dehydrogenase (P < 0.05), in the s.c. depot, and increased activities of ATP-citrate lyase and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (P < 0.10) in the i.m. depot at initial slaughter. Lipogenic enzyme activity in the s.c. depot at final slaughter did not differ among treatments. Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity in the i.m. depot at final slaughter was lowest (P < 0.10) in ALF. Hypertrophy made a greater contribution to fat tissue growth than hyperplasia. Hypertrophy was affected by amount of energy, whereas hyperplasia was affected by source of energy. Differences diminished when cattle were fed the common finishing diet.
Key Words: Adipocyte Diameter • Limit-Feeding • Lipogenic Enzymes
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  J. W. Lehmkuhler and M. H. Ramos Comparison of Dairy Beef Genetics and Dietary Roughage Levels J Dairy Sci, June 1, 2008; 91(6): 2523 - 2531. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. A. Gorocica-Buenfil, F. L. Fluharty, T. Bohn, S. J. Schwartz, and S. C. Loerch Effect of low vitamin A diets with high-moisture or dry corn on marbling and adipose tissue fatty acid composition of beef steers J Anim Sci, December 1, 2007; 85(12): 3355 - 3366. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Bonnet, Y. Faulconnier, C. Leroux, C. Jurie, I. Cassar-Malek, D. Bauchart, P. Boulesteix, D. Pethick, J. F. Hocquette, and Y. Chilliard Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and leptin are related to marbling differences among Limousin and Angus or Japanese Black x Angus steers J Anim Sci, November 1, 2007; 85(11): 2882 - 2894. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. A. Gorocica-Buenfil, F. L. Fluharty, C. K. Reynolds, and S. C. Loerch Effect of dietary vitamin A concentration and roasted soybean inclusion on marbling, adipose cellularity, and fatty acid composition of beef J Anim Sci, September 1, 2007; 85(9): 2230 - 2242. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. A. Gorocica-Buenfil, F. L. Fluharty, C. K. Reynolds, and S. C. Loerch Effect of dietary vitamin A restriction on marbling and conjugated linoleic acid content in Holstein steers J Anim Sci, September 1, 2007; 85(9): 2243 - 2255. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. D. Rhoades, J. E. Sawyer, K. Y. Chung, M. L. Schell, D. K. Lunt, and S. B. Smith Effect of dietary energy source on in vitro substrate utilization and insulin sensitivity of muscle and adipose tissues of Angus and Wagyu steers J Anim Sci, July 1, 2007; 85(7): 1719 - 1726. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. B. Smith, A. A. Chapman, D. K. Lunt, J. J. Harris, and J. W. Savell Adiposity of calf- and yearling-fed Brangus steers raised to constant-age and constant-body weight endpoints J Anim Sci, May 1, 2007; 85(5): 1136 - 1143. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. R. Smith, S. K. Duckett, M. J. Azain, R. N. Sonon Jr., and T. D. Pringle The effect of anabolic implants on intramuscular lipid deposition in finished beef cattle J Anim Sci, February 1, 2007; 85(2): 430 - 440. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
X. J. Yang, E. Albrecht, K. Ender, R. Q. Zhao, and J. Wegner Computer image analysis of intramuscular adipocytes and marbling in the longissimus muscle of cattle J Anim Sci, December 1, 2006; 84(12): 3251 - 3258. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. P. Poulos and G. J. Hausman A comparison of thiazolidinedione-induced adipogenesis and myogenesis in stromal-vascular cells from subcutaneous adipose tissue or semitendinosus muscle of postnatal pigs J Anim Sci, May 1, 2006; 84(5): 1076 - 1082. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
