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Assessment of positional candidate genes myf5 and igf1 for growth on bovine chromosome 5 in commercial lines of Bos taurus¹

C. Li^*, J. Basarab, W. M. Snelling, B. Benkel, B. Murdoch^*, C. Hansen^* and S. S. Moore^*

^* Department of Agricultural, Food, and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2P5; and Lacombe Research Centre, AAFRD, Lacombe, Alberta, Canada T4L 1W1; and USDA, ARS, U.S. Meat Animal Research Center, Clay Center, NE 68933-0166; and and Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge Research Center, Alberta, Canada TIJ 4B1

² Correspondence: 4-10 Ag/For Building (phone: 780-492-0169; fax: 780-492-4265; e-mail: stephen.moore{at}ualberta.ca).

Abstract

Quantitative trait loci for growth traits in beef cattle have been previously reported and fine-mapped in three chromosomal regions of 0 to 30 cM, 55 to 70 cM, and 70 to 80 cM of bovine chromosome 5. In this study, we further examined the association between gene-specific single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) of two positional candidate genes, bovine myogenic factor 5 (myf5) and insulin-like growth factor-1 (igf1), in the QTL regions and the birth weight (BWT), preweaning average daily gain (PWADG), and average daily gain on feed (ADGF) in commercial lines of Bos taurus. The QTL regions for the growth traits identified using a haplotype association analysis, which included the gene-specific SNP markers for both genes in this study, were in agreement with previous studies. The gene-specific SNP marker association analysis indicated that the SNP in myf5 had a significant additive effect on PWADG in the M1 line of Beefbooster Inc. (P < 0.10), and a significant additive effect (P < 0.05) and a significant dominance effect (P < 0.10) on ADGF in the M3 line of Beefbooster Inc. When the data from the two commercial lines were pooled, the SNP in myf5 showed a significant association with PWADG (P < 0.10) and with ADGF (P < 0.05). The association between the SNP and BWT, however, did not reach a significance level in the M1 line, the M3 line, or across the lines. For igf1, no significant association between the SNP and the growth traits was detected in either the M1 line or the M3 line, whereas there was only a significant dominance effect (P < 0.10) on BWT detected for the SNP in igf1 when the data from the two commercial lines were pooled. These results suggest that myf5 is a strong candidate gene that influences PWADG and ADGF in beef cattle. The SNP of igf1 may not be a causative or close to the causative mutation that affects the three growth traits in the populations of beef cattle examined in this study. Other SNP of igf1 and myf5 or other genes in their respective chromosomal regions, however, should also be studied.

Key Words: Cattle • Growth Traits • Marker Genes • Quantitative Trait Loci