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Effects of soybean meal particle size on growth performance of nursery pigs¹

K. R. Lawrence^*,2, C. W. Hastad^*, R. D. Goodband^*, M. D. Tokach^*, S. S. Dritz, J. L. Nelssen^*, J. M. DeRouchey^* and M. J. Webster^*

^* Department of Animal Sciences and Industry, Kansas State University, Manhattan, 66506-0201 and and Food Animal Health and Management Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, 66506-5601

² Correspondence: 217 Weber Hall (phone: 785-532-1270; fax: 785-532-7059; E-mail: klawrenc{at}oznet.ksu.edu). Reprints—phone: 785-532-1228; fax: 785-532-7059; E-mail: Goodband{at}ksu.edu.

We used 360 nursery pigs (35 ± 3 d of age) in two 21-d growth assays to determine the effects of soybean meal particle size on growth performance. In both trials, there were six pigs per pen and 10 pens per treatment. Pigs were weaned on d 21 and fed the same phase I diet for 7 d after weaning, followed by a phase II diet from d 7 to 14. On d 14, all pigs were weighed and randomly allotted to one of three dietary treatments. Experimental diets contained 61.9% corn, 34.4% soybean meal, and 3.7% vitamins and minerals. In Exp. 1, 90 barrows and 90 gilts (9.2 ± 2.3 kg BW) were fed diets containing extruded-expelled soybean meal ground to 965, 742, or 639 µm, which resulted in whole-diet particle sizes of 728, 719, and 697 µm, respectively. Reducing extruded-expelled soybean meal particle size from 965 or 742 to 639 µm in the diet did not affect (P > 0.10) ADG (541, 538, and 542 g/d), ADFI (886, 875, and 855 g/d; as-fed basis), or gain:feed ratio (0.61, 0.61, 0.64), respectively. In Exp. 2, 90 barrows and 90 gilts (9.9 ± 2.6 kg BW) were fed diets containing solvent-extracted soybean meal ground to 1,226, 797, or 444 µm, which resulted in whole-diet particle sizes of 732, 681, and 629 microns, respectively. Like Exp. 1, reducing particle size of solvent-extracted soybean meal did not affect (P > 0.10) ADG (482, 487, and 484 g/d), ADFI (738, 742, and 736 g/d; as-fed), or gain:feed (0.65, 0.65, and 0.65). Reducing particle size of extruded-expelled soybean meal or solvent-extracted soybean meal increased the angle of repose (maximum degree at which a pile of material retains its slope), indicating that as particle size decreased, flowability characteristics decreased. However, the angle of repose of the complete diets was greater than that for the soybean meals, which indicates that decreasing the particle size of soybean meal had minimal effects on flow characteristics of the complete diet. Previous research has shown that decreasing grain particle size improves digestibility and feed efficiency, and decreased soybean meal particle size has resulted in improved amino acid digestibility. However, the results of our experiments suggest decreasing particle size of either extruded-expelled soybean meal or solvent-extracted soybean meal does not affect nursery pig growth performance.

Key Words: Particle Size • Pigs • Soybean Oilmeal