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Central and peripheral concentrations of tumor necrosis factor- in Chinese Meishan pigs stimulated with lipopolysaccharide^{1, ,2}

R. Sakumoto^*,3 , E. Kasuya^*, T. Komatsu and T. Akita

^* Department of Physiology and Genetic Regulation, National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, Ibaraki 305-8602, Japan, and and National Institute of Livestock and Grassland Sciences Ibaraki 305-0901, Japan

Correspondence:
(phone: 81-29-838-8644; fax: 81-29-838-8610; E-mail:
sakumoto{at}affrc.go.jp).

The objective of this study was to investigate the presence of tumor necrosis factor- (TNF-) in the central nervous system and the effects of lipopolysaccharide on central and peripheral concentrations of TNF-, behavioral conditions (standing or lying), elimination scores (defecation or urination), rectal temperature, and food intake (as-fed basis) in Chinese Meishan pigs. Intravenous injections of lipopolysaccharide resulted in increased (P < 0.05) plasma concentrations of TNF- and cortisol. Although urination was not affected by the administration of lipopolysaccharide, defecation was stimulated (P < 0.05). Lipopolysaccharide increased (P < 0.05) rectal temperature and standing rate, and inhibited (P < 0.05) food intake in pigs. To determine whether TNF- is present in the porcine central nervous system as well as in peripheral blood, TNF- and its specific transcripts in brain tissues (hypothalamus, amygdala, or hippocampus) and the pituitary were determined. The abundance of TNF- messenger RNA and immunoreactive TNF- were observed in all tissues, and the concentrations of TNF- were increased (P < 0.05) by the intramuscular injection of lipopolysaccharide. These results suggest that TNF- is present in the central nervous system, and plays some roles in its biological regulation in Chinese Meishan pigs.

Key Words: Brain • Lipopolysaccharides • Meishan • Pigs • Pituitary • Tumor Necrosis Factor

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