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Effect of the live weight gain of steers during winter grazing on digestibility, acid-base balance, blood flow, and oxygen consumption by splanchnic tissues during adaptation and subsequent feeding of a high-grain diet^1,2

M. J. Hersom^*, C. R. Krehbiel^*,3, G. W. Horn^* and J. G. Kirkpatrick

^* Department of Animal Science and and Veterinary Teaching Hospital and Department of VeterinaryClinical Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater 74078

³ Correspondence: 208 Anim. Sci. Bldg. (phone: 405-744-8857; fax: 405-744-7390; E-mail: kclinto{at}okstate.edu).

Ten multicatherized steers were used in a completely random design to determine the effect of previous BW gain on blood flow, acid-base balance, and oxygen consumption across portal-drained viscera and liver of growing beef steers fed a high-grain diet. Treatments were high (1.31 ± 0.09 kg/d) or low (0.68 ± 0.07 kg/d) daily BW gain during an 82-d winter wheat pasture grazing period and a subsequent 37-d transition period. Blood flow, blood gas measurements, and oxygen consumption were determined on d 0, 14, 28, 42, and 64 of a high-grain finishing period. Compensatory growth was evident in low-gain steers; ADG (1.50 vs. 1.11 kg/d, P < 0.05) and gain efficiency (0.221 vs. 0.109 kg/kg, P < 0.01) were greater from d 14 through 28 than for high-gain steers. Arterial base tended (P < 0.12) to be greater in low-gain than in high-gain steers, whereas calculated HCO₃^- (mmol/L; P < 0.20) did not differ between treatments. Arterial O₂ concentration was not different (P < 0.97) between treatments but increased (P < 0.001) with increasing days on feed. Portal blood flow increased with days on feed (P < 0.001) but did not differ (P < 0.34) between treatments. Hepatic blood flow scaled to metabolic BW was 19.7% greater (P < 0.02) in low-gain than in high-gain steers. Across the feeding period, O₂ consumption and CO₂ flux by PDV, liver, and total splanchnic tissue (TST) did not differ (P < 0.33) between treatments. However, TST O₂ consumption (mmol/[h•kg BW^0.75]) tended (P < 0.12) to be greater in low- than in high-gain steers. Compensating steers’ arterial blood acid-base measurements did not change with days on feed, indicating that they were not more susceptible to metabolic acidosis than high-gain steers. However, steers that had lower BW gain before high-grain feeding exhibited increased hepatic blood flow and TST O₂ consumption (metabolic BW basis) during the finishing period compared with high-gain steers. Greater hepatic blood flow and energy expenditure by TST of previously restricted steers might have facilitated compensatory growth.

Key Words: Acid-Base Equilibrium • Blood Flow • Cattle • Compensatory Growth

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