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Determination of true digestive utilization of phosphorus and the endogenous phosphorus outputs associated with soybean meal for growing pigs¹

A. Ajakaiye^*, M. Z. Fan^*,2, T. Archbold^*, R. R. Hacker^*, C. W. Forsberg and J. P. Phillips

^* Departments of Animal and Poultry Science, and Microbiology, and and Molecular Biology and Genetics, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada N1G 2W1

² Correspondence: Room 250, #70 Animal Science/Nutrition Building (phone: 519-824-4120, ext. 53656; fax: 519-836-9873; E-mail: mfan{at}uoguelph.ca).

The objectives of this study were to determine true P digestibility, the gastrointestinal endogenous P outputs associated with soybean meal (SBM), and the role of the large intestine in P digestion in growing pigs. Four Yorkshire barrows, with average initial and final BW of 40 and 58 kg, were fitted with a simple T-cannula at the distal ileum and fed four diets according to a 4 x 4 Latin square design. The diets were cornstarch-based and contained four levels of P (0.098, 0.196, 0.293, and 0.391% on a DM basis) from solvent-extracted conventional SBM. Chromic oxide (3.5 g/kg of diet, as-fed basis) was included as a digestibility marker. Each experimental period consisted of 8 d with a 4-d adaptation period and a 4-d collection of representative ileal digesta (2 d) and fecal (2 d) samples. True ileal and fecal P digestibility values and the ileal and fecal endogenous P outputs associated with SBM were determined by the regression analysis technique. There were no differences (P > 0.05) in true P digestibility values (ileal, 59.0 ± 8.3 vs. fecal, 51.3 ± 7.9%, n = 16) and endogenous P outputs (ileal, 0.59 ± 0.18 vs. fecal, 0.45 ± 0.21 g/kg of DMI, n = 16) between the ileal and the fecal levels. The endogenous fecal P loss accounted for 8.1 and 17.6% of the NRC (1998) recommended total and available P requirements in growing pigs, respectively. In conclusion, approximately 51% of the total P in conventional SBM is digested in growing pigs. The large intestine does not play an important role in the digestion of P associated with SBM in the growing pig. The fecal loss of the gastrointestinal endogenous P is an important route of P excretion in the growing pig.

Key Words: Digestibility • Losses • Phosphorus • Pigs • Soybean Oilmeal

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