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Effects of increasing L-lysine HCl in corn- or sorghum-soybean meal-based diets on growth performance and carcass characteristics of growing-finishing pigs^1,2

M. De la Llata^*, S. S. Dritz^,3, M. D. Tokach^*, R. D. Goodband^* and J. L. Nelssen

^* Department of Animal Sciences and Industry and and Food Animal Health and Management Center, Kansas State University, Manhattan 66506-0201

³ Correspondence:
College of Veterinary Medicine, 1800 Dennison Ave. (phone: (785) 532-4202; (603) 676-5543; E-mail:
dritz{at}vet.ksu.edu).

We conducted three experiments to determine the effects of increasing L-lysine HCl in growing-finishing pig diets. Experiments 1 and 2, conducted at the Kansas State University research center, each used 360 growing-finishing pigs with initial BW of 56 and 63 kg, respectively. Dietary treatments were sorghum- (Exp. 1) or corn- (Exp. 2) soybean meal-based and consisted of a control (no L-lysine HCl) or 0.15, 0.225, and 0.30% L-lysine HCl replacing lysine provided by soybean meal. Experiment 3 was conducted in a commercial research facility using a total of 1,200 gilts with an initial BW of 29 kg. Pigs were allotted to one of eight dietary treatments fed in four phases. These consisted of a positive control diet with no added L-lysine HCl and the control diet with 0.05, 0.10, 0.15, 0.20, 0.25, and 0.30% L-lysine HCl replacing the lysine provided by soybean meal. The eighth dietary treatment was a negative control diet with no added L-lysine HCl and formulated to contain 0.10% less total lysine than the other treatments to ensure that dietary lysine was not above required levels. In Exp. 1, increasing L-lysine HCl decreased (linear, P < 0.01) ADG, feed efficiency (G:F), and percentage lean and increased (linear, P < 0.01 ) backfat depth. In Exp. 2, increasing L-lysine HCl decreased (quadratic, P < 0.03) ADG, G:F, and ADFI, but carcass characteristics were not affected. In Exp. 3, increasing L-lysine HCl decreased ADG (linear, P< 0.01) and G:F (quadratic P < 0.03). In all three experiments, the greatest negative responses were observed when more than 0.15% L -lysine HCl was added to the diet. Therefore, unless other synthetic amino acids are added to the diet, no more than 0.15% L -lysine HCl should replace lysine from soybean meal in a corn- or sorghum-soybean meal-based diet to avoid deficiencies of other amino acids. Based on the content of diets containing 0.15% Lysine-HCl, it appears the requirements for methionine plus cystine expressed as ratios relative to lysine are not greater than 50% during the early growing-finishing period (30 to 45 kg) and 62% during the late finishing period (90 to 120 kg) on a true digestible basis. For similar periods, the ratio requirements for threonine are not greater than 59% and 64% on a true digestible basis.

Key Words: Growth • Lysine • Pigs

This article has been cited by other articles:

				C. W. Hastad, S. S. Dritz, M. D. Tokach, R. D. Goodband, J. L. Nelssen, J. M. DeRouchey, R. D. Boyd, and M. E. Johnston Phosphorus requirements of growing-finishing pigs reared in a commercial environment J Anim Sci, October 1, 2004; 82(10): 2945 - 2952. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]