Journal of Animal Science, Vol 76, Issue 7 1744-1752, Copyright © 1998 by American Society of Animal Science

JOURNAL ARTICLE

The feeding value of dry-rolled and steam-flaked corn in finishing diets for feedlot cattle: influence of protein supplementation

R. Barajas and R. A. Zinn
Department of Animal Science, Desert Research and Extension Center, University of California, El Centro 92243, USA.

We used 80 medium-framed yearling crossbred heifers (357 kg) in a 110-d trial to evaluate the influence of dietary protein level (11 vs 14%) on the feeding value of dry-rolled (DRC) and steam-flaked corn (SFC). All diets contained 1% urea; cottonseed meal (CSM) was the source of supplemental undegradable intake protein (UIP). Steam flaking corn reduced DMI (9%, P < .10) and increased (P < .01) feed efficiency (14%), dietary NEm (13%), and NEg (15%). Steam flaking increased the NEm by 17% and NEg by 19%. Supplemental CSM decreased (P < .10) feed efficiency (7%) and dietary NEm (4%) and NEg (6%). There were no treatment effects (P > .10) on carcass characteristics. Steam flaking corn increased (P < .05) fecal pH and reduced (P < .01) fecal starch. Supplemental CSM increased (P < .01) fecal pH and reduced (P < .01) fecal starch. Four Holstein steers (413 kg) were used in a 4 x 4 Latin square experiment to evaluate treatment effects on digestive function. Steam flaking corn increased (P < .05) flow of nonammonia N (11%, P < .05) and microbial N (15%, P < .01) to the duodenum. Supplemental CSM increased the flow of microbial N (6%, P < .01), feed N (21%, P < .10), and nonammonia N (12%, P < .05) to the duodenum. The UIP value of CSM was 28% for the DRC diet and 52% for the SFC diet. Steam flaking corn increased (P < .01) ruminal starch digestion (26%) and total tract digestibility of OM (17%), N (15%), starch (19%), and GE (17%). Steam flaking increased the DE value of corn by 21%. Supplemental CSM did not influence (P > .10) postruminal or total tract starch digestion. Supplemental CSM decreased (7%, P < .10) the DE value of the diet. We conclude that increasing the postruminal protein supply of a corn-based finishing diet beyond that provided by urea supplementation, alone, will not enhance starch digestion or the energy value of the diet.

This article has been cited by other articles:

				B. E. Depenbusch, E. R. Loe, M. J. Quinn, M. E. Corrigan, M. L. Gibson, K. K. Karges, and J. S. Drouillard Corn distillers grains with solubles derived from a traditional or partial fractionation process: Growth performance and carcass characteristics of finishing feedlot heifers J Anim Sci, September 1, 2008; 86(9): 2338 - 2343. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				B. E. Depenbusch, J. S. Drouillard, E. R. Loe, J. J. Higgins, M. E. Corrigan, and M. J. Quinn Efficacy of monensin and tylosin in finishing diets based on steam-flaked corn with and without corn wet distillers grains with solubles J Anim Sci, September 1, 2008; 86(9): 2270 - 2276. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				R. A. Zinn, E. G. Alverez, M. Montano, and J. Salinas-Chavira Influence of dry-rolling and tempering agent addition during the steam-flaking of sorghum grain on its feeding value for feedlot cattle J Anim Sci, April 1, 2008; 86(4): 916 - 922. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				N. A. Cole and R. W. Todd Opportunities to enhance performance and efficiency through nutrient synchrony in concentrate-fed ruminants J Anim Sci, April 1, 2008; 86(14_suppl): E318 - E333. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				B. E. Depenbusch, T. G. Nagaraja, J. M. Sargeant, J. S. Drouillard, E. R. Loe, and M. E. Corrigan Influence of processed grains on fecal pH, starch concentration, and shedding of Escherichia coli O157 in feedlot cattle J Anim Sci, March 1, 2008; 86(3): 632 - 639. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. C. Marini, D. G. Fox, and M. R. Murphy Nitrogen transactions along the gastrointestinal tract of cattle: A meta-analytical approach J Anim Sci, March 1, 2008; 86(3): 660 - 679. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				R. A. Zinn, A. Barreras, L. Corona, F. N. Owens, and R. A. Ware Starch digestion by feedlot cattle: Predictions from analysis of feed and fecal starch and nitrogen J Anim Sci, July 1, 2007; 85(7): 1727 - 1730. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. T. Fox, B. E. Depenbusch, J. S. Drouillard, and T. G. Nagaraja Dry-rolled or steam-flaked grain-based diets and fecal shedding of Escherichia coli O157 in feedlot cattle J Anim Sci, May 1, 2007; 85(5): 1207 - 1212. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				D. K. Walker, E. C. Titgemeyer, J. S. Drouillard, E. R. Loe, B. E. Depenbusch, and A. S. Webb Effects of ractopamine and protein source on growth performance and carcass characteristics of feedlot heifers J Anim Sci, October 1, 2006; 84(10): 2795 - 2800. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				S. L. Archibeque, D. N. Miller, H. C. Freetly, and C. L. Ferrell Feeding high-moisture corn instead of dry-rolled corn reduces odorous compound production in manure of finishing beef cattle without decreasing performance J Anim Sci, July 1, 2006; 84(7): 1767 - 1777. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				C. R. Krehbiel, J. J. Cranston, and M. P. McCurdy An upper limit for caloric density of finishing diets J Anim Sci, April 1, 2006; 84(13_suppl): E34 - E. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				T. L. Scott, C. T. Milton, G. E. Erickson, T. J. Klopfenstein, and R. A. Stock Corn processing method in finishing diets containing wet corn gluten feed J Anim Sci, December 1, 2003; 81(12): 3182 - 3190. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				S. P. Montgomery, J. S. Drouillard, J. J. Sindt, T. B. Farran, J. N. Pike, A. M. Trater, C. M. Coetzer, H. J. LaBrune, R. D. Hunter, and R. A. Stock Combinations of alfalfa hay and wet corn gluten feed in limit-fed growing diets for beef cattle J Anim Sci, July 1, 2003; 81(7): 1671 - 1680. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]