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Journal of Animal Science, Vol 76, Issue 12 3104-3113, Copyright © 1998 by American Society of Animal Science

JOURNAL ARTICLE

Intestinal nutrient-gene interaction: the effect of feed deprivation and refeeding on cholecystokinin and proglucagon gene expression

A. H. Suominen, D. R. Glimm, D. Tedesco, E. K. Okine, M. I. McBurney and J. J. Kennelly
Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.

We tested the hypothesis that dietary components reaching the bovine small intestine influence the expression of genes that encode the gastrointestinal neuropeptides cholecystokinin (CCK) and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1). The amount of digesta reaching the intestine was manipulated during the experiment by withholding feed from five heifers fitted with ruminal, duodenal, and ileal cannulas for 48 h and then subsequent refeeding. Duodenal and ileal biopsies were collected using a fiber-optic endoscope. A Northern hybridization procedure was used to evaluate changes in gene expression. Blood concentrations of CCK and GLP-1 were determined with RIA. The data indicate that CCK blood concentration and mRNA abundance decreased during the period of feed deprivation, but they returned to predeprivation values within 16 to 24 h of refeeding. The GLP-1 blood concentration also decreased during feed deprivation and returned to predeprivation values within 4 to 8 h of refeeding, despite the fact that proglucagon mRNA abundance did not change significantly during feed deprivation and refeeding. These findings provide evidence that CCK and GLP-1 are released in response to nutrients that reach the small intestine and may be involved in the physiological process of digestion and possibly play a role in regulating feed intake in ruminants.




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Copyright © 1998 by the American Society of Animal Science.