Journal of Animal Science, Vol 75, Issue 9 2411-2416, Copyright © 1997 by American Society of Animal Science

JOURNAL ARTICLE

Repeatability of tenderness measurements in beef round muscles

S. D. Shackelford, T. L. Wheeler and M. Koohmaraie
Roman L. Hruska U.S. Meat Animal Research Center, USDA, ARS, Clay Center, NE 68933-0166, USA.

The present experiment was conducted to determine 1) the repeatability of Warner-Bratzler shear force and trained sensory panel tenderness ratings in beef round cuts and 2) the effect of location within beef round cuts on shear force and tenderness ratings. Biceps femoris (BF) and semitendinosus (ST) were obtained from the carcasses of youthful (A-maturity), grain-fed, crossbred steers (n = 25) at 16 d postmortem. Steaks were removed from each muscle for determination of shear force and tenderness rating at each of three locations (A = proximal end, B = center, and C = distal end). Tenderness ratings of triplicate samples were slightly more repeatable than shear force for BF (R = .50 vs .30) and ST (R = .60 vs .56). However, all of those estimates of repeatability were much less than values we have obtained for beef longissimus using similar laboratory procedures (R = .79 to .90). Across both muscles and both methods of assessing tenderness, less than 40% of the total variance was accounted for by animal. The variance of tenderness rating among animals was less for BF (.12) and ST (.09) than values we have obtained for beef longissimus (.60). Location did not affect (P > .05) BF shear force; however, BF tenderness ratings were higher (P < .05) for location A (5.5) than for B (5.0) and C (5.2). Location accounted for a higher percentage of the total variance of ST tenderness rating and ST shear force than did animal. Shear force decreased (P < .05) from the proximal end to the distal end of ST (5.1, 4.6, and 3.9 kg for locations A, B, and C, respectively). Also, ST tenderness ratings were lower for location A (4.8) than for locations B (5.6) and C (5.7). Neither method of measuring tenderness was highly repeatable for BF or ST because there was little animal-to-animal variation in tenderness for these round muscles. Thus, there would be little opportunity for segregating round muscles into tenderness classes.

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