| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
|
|
|
|||||||
|
|||||||||
Journal of Animal Science, Vol 75, Issue 6 1514-1520, Copyright © 1997 by American Society of Animal Science
JOURNAL ARTICLE |
D. M. Webel, B. N. Finck, D. H. Baker and R. W. Johnson
Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana 61801, USA.
The emerging view is that reduced feed intake, lean muscle accretion, and growth in immunologically challenged pigs is the result of increased cytokine activity, but this has not been directly tested. To begin addressing this issue, 72 crossbred barrows and gilts (11.55 +/- .19 kg BW) were not fed for 12 h and then injected i.p. with 0, .5, or 5 micrograms/kg of Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Blood was collected by jugular puncture at 0, 2, 4, 8, 12, and 24 h after injection. Plasma levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin-6 (IL-6), cortisol, plasma urea nitrogen (PUN), NEFA, and triglycerides were determined. Immunological stress was induced by LPS as indicated by increased secretion of TNF-alpha, IL-6, and cortisol. In pigs receiving 5 micrograms/kg of LPS, plasma TNF-alpha was increased 10-fold at 2 h after injection and was still elevated (P < .01) at 4 h. In these same pigs, plasma concentration of IL-6 was increased at 2 h and peaked at 4 h with levels exceeding baseline values by 200-fold (P < .01). Cortisol was elevated at 2, 4, and 8 h after injection (P < .01). The increased secretion of cytokines and cortisol in pigs injected with 5 micrograms/kg of LPS was followed by an increase in protein degradation, as evidenced by PUN values that were increased two- and threefold at 8 and 12 h after injection, respectively. However, unlike previous reports in laboratory animal species, plasma glucose, NEFA, and triglycerides were not altered by LPS. Nonetheless, as the period of feed deprivation progressed from 12 to 36 h, plasma NEFA and triglycerides increased (P < .05) and plasma glucose tended to decrease. We believe that immunological challenge induces cytokine synthesis and secretion in swine which, in turn, may induce protein catabolism.
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  N. K. Gabler and M. E. Spurlock Integrating the immune system with the regulation of growth and efficiency J Anim Sci, April 1, 2008; 86(14_suppl): E64 - E74. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. E. Spurlock and N. K. Gabler The Development of Porcine Models of Obesity and the Metabolic Syndrome J. Nutr., February 1, 2008; 138(2): 397 - 402. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. Zhao, A. F. Harper, M. J. Estienne, K. E. Webb Jr., A. P. McElroy, and D. M. Denbow Growth performance and intestinal morphology responses in early weaned pigs to supplementation of antibiotic-free diets with an organic copper complex and spray-dried plasma protein in sanitary and nonsanitary environments J Anim Sci, May 1, 2007; 85(5): 1302 - 1310. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 R. A. Orellana, S. R. Kimball, A. Suryawan, J. Escobar, H. V. Nguyen, L. S. Jefferson, and T. A. Davis Insulin stimulates muscle protein synthesis in neonates during endotoxemia despite repression of translation initiation Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, February 1, 2007; 292(2): E629 - E636. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. A. Orellana, P. M. J. O'Connor, J. A. Bush, A. Suryawan, M. C. Thivierge, H. V. Nguyen, M. L. Fiorotto, and T. A. Davis Modulation of muscle protein synthesis by insulin is maintained during neonatal endotoxemia Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, July 1, 2006; 291(1): E159 - E166. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. K. Jacobi, N. K. Gabler, K. M. Ajuwon, J. E. Davis, and M. E. Spurlock Adipocytes, myofibers, and cytokine biology: New horizons in the regulation of growth and body composition J Anim Sci, April 1, 2006; 84(13_suppl): E140 - E. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
X. F. Mao, X. S. Piao, C. H. Lai, D. F. Li, J. J. Xing, and B. L. Shi Effects of {beta}-glucan obtained from the Chinese herb Astragalus membranaceus and lipopolysaccharide challenge on performance, immunological, adrenal, and somatotropic responses of weanling pigs J Anim Sci, December 1, 2005; 83(12): 2775 - 2782. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. L. Larson Effect of cattle disease on carcass traits J Anim Sci, June 1, 2005; 83(13_suppl): E37 - 43. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
B. J. Johnson, S. S. Dritz, K. A. Skjolaas-Wilson, T. E. Burkey, and J. E. Minton Interactive responses in gut immunity, and systemic and local changes in the insulin-like growth factor system in nursery pigs in response to Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium J Anim Sci, June 1, 2005; 83(13_suppl): E48 - 56. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
L. Changhua, Y. Jindong, L. Defa, Z. Lidan, Q. Shiyan, and X. Jianjun Conjugated Linoleic Acid Attenuates the Production and Gene Expression of Proinflammatory Cytokines in Weaned Pigs Challenged with Lipopolysaccharide J. Nutr., February 1, 2005; 135(2): 239 - 244. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. Melchior, B. Seve, and N. Le Floc'h Chronic lung inflammation affects plasma amino acid concentrations in pigs J Anim Sci, April 1, 2004; 82(4): 1091 - 1099. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 C. Beumer, M. Wulferink, W. Raaben, D. Fiechter, R. Brands, and W. Seinen Calf Intestinal Alkaline Phosphatase, a Novel Therapeutic Drug for Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-Mediated Diseases, Attenuates LPS Toxicity in Mice and Piglets J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., November 1, 2003; 307(2): 737 - 744. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
Y. L. Liu, D. F. Li, L. M. Gong, G. F. Yi, A. M. Gaines, and J. A. Carroll Effects of fish oil supplementation on the performance and the immunological, adrenal, and somatotropic responses of weaned pigs after an Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide challenge J Anim Sci, November 1, 2003; 81(11): 2758 - 2765. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. A. Armstrong and J. W. Spears Effect of boron supplementation of pig diets on the production of tumor necrosis factor-{alpha} and interferon-{gamma} J Anim Sci, October 1, 2003; 81(10): 2552 - 2561. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. A. Orellana, P. M. J. O'Connor, H. V. Nguyen, J. A. Bush, A. Suryawan, M. C. Thivierge, M. L. Fiorotto, and T. A. Davis Endotoxemia reduces skeletal muscle protein synthesis in neonates Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, November 1, 2002; 283(5): E909 - E916. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. M. Webel, D. C. Mahan, R. W. Johnson, and D. H. Baker Pretreatment of Young Pigs with Vitamin E Attenuates the Elevation in Plasma Interleukin-6 and Cortisol Caused by a Challenge Dose of Lipopolysaccharide J. Nutr., October 1, 1998; 128(10): 1657 - 1660. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. M. Webel, R. W. Johnson, and D. H. Baker Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Reductions in Food Intake Do Not Decrease the Efficiency of Lysine and Threonine Utilization for Protein Accretion in Chickens J. Nutr., October 1, 1998; 128(10): 1760 - 1766. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
