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Journal of Animal Science, Vol 73, Issue 9 2721-2726, Copyright © 1995 by American Society of Animal Science

JOURNAL ARTICLE

Immune response, glucose metabolism, and performance of stressed feeder calves fed inorganic or organic chromium

E. B. Kegley and J. W. Spears
Department of Animal Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh 27695-7621, USA.

One hundred twenty-five Angus crossbred steers (215 +/- 2 kg initial BW) were blocked by weight and assigned to pens. Pens were randomly assigned to treatment (six pens/treatment). Treatments consisted of 1) control (no supplemental Cr), 2) CrCl3, 3) high-Cr yeast, or 4) Cr nicotinic acid complex. Chromium was added to provide .4 mg of supplemental Cr/kg of DM. Steers were fed diets containing 90% corn silage (DM basis) and 10% soybean meal-mineral-vitamin supplement. Steers were allowed to consume the diets on an ad libitum basis during the 56-d study. Performance was not affected by treatment. On d 52, steers supplemented with high-Cr yeast had a greater response to an intradermal injection of phytohemagglutin (PHA) for 8 h after injection than control steers (P < .10) or those supplemented with CrCl3 (P < .05) or Cr nicotinic acid (P < .05). Peripheral lymphocytes from steers supplemented with Cr nicotinic acid had a greater (P < .05) blastogenic response to 12.5 micrograms PHA/mL than lymphocytes from steers supplemented with CrCl3. After an i.v. infusion of glucose (.25 g of glucose/kg BW), plasma glucose tended (P < .11) to decrease at a faster rate from 15 to 45 min after infusion in steers fed Cr nicotinic acid. Steers supplemented with Cr nicotinic acid had greater (P < .05) serum insulin 15 and 30 min after infusion than those supplemented with CrCl3 and high-Cr yeast. Controls had lower serum insulin than those supplemented with Cr nicotinic acid 30 min after infusion.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)


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