Journal of Animal Science, Vol 73, Issue 6 1674-1688, Copyright © 1995 by American Society of Animal Science

CLINICAL TRIAL

Differential effects of plane of protein or energy nutrition on visceral organs and hormones in lambs

T. J. Wester, R. A. Britton, T. J. Klopfenstein, G. A. Ham, D. T. Hickok and C. R. Krehbiel
Department of Animal Science, University of Nebraska, Lincoln 68583-0908, USA.

Modulation of somatotrophic and homeorhetic hormones, along with changes in visceral mass and metabolic activity, were measured in growing lambs restricted in energy (ER) or metabolizable protein (PR) to maintain BW for 7 wk and then repleted for 2 wk. Control lambs were fed an adequate diet for 9 wk. Serum IGF-I decreased more rapidly in PR, but both ER and PR were 70% of controls by wk 7 of restriction (P < .05) and increased above controls by d 14 of repletion. Somatotropin, increased by PR, returned to control levels upon repletion (P < .05). Insulin was decreased by PR (P < .02) but was transiently elevated above controls by repletion in ER and PR at d 2 (P < .01). Serum triiodothyronine, reduced to 70% of controls by PR and ER, returned to control levels after d 6 of repletion (P < .05). Thyroxine declined gradually to 65% of controls in ER and PR (P < .07) but did not respond to repletion. By wk 7 of restriction, liver mass in ER and PR was decreased to 50% of controls (P < .05). Return of liver mass, on an empty body weight basis, occurred by d 2 of repletion (P < .01). In vitro O2 consumption per gram of liver tissue was increased to 125% of controls by ER and PR (P < .05). Calculated whole liver O2 consumption in ER and PR was 68% of controls at wk 7 of restriction (P < .10). Protein restriction had a more immediate impact on hormones but not on visceral mass or activity compared with energy restriction. Elevated IGF-I levels, as observed in previously restricted lambs, may mediate compensatory growth in ruminants.

This article has been cited by other articles:

				L. Limea, M. Boval, N. Mandonnet, G. Garcia, H. Archimede, and G. Alexandre Growth performance, carcass quality, and noncarcass components of indigenous Caribbean goats under varying nutritional densities J Anim Sci, November 1, 2009; 87(11): 3770 - 3781. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				G. I. Zanton and A. J. Heinrichs Review: Limit-Feeding with Altered Forage-to-Concentrate Levels in Dairy Heifer Diets Professional Animal Scientist, August 1, 2009; 25(4): 393 - 403. [Abstract] [PDF]

				G. Kraft, D. Gruffat, D. Dardevet, D. Remond, I. Ortigues-Marty, and I. Savary-Auzeloux Nitrogen- and energy-imbalanced diets affect hepatic protein synthesis and gluconeogenesis differently in growing lambs J Anim Sci, May 1, 2009; 87(5): 1747 - 1758. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				D. B. Carlson, J. J. Reed, P. P. Borowicz, J. B. Taylor, L. P. Reynolds, T. L. Neville, D. A. Redmer, K. A. Vonnahme, and J. S. Caton Effects of dietary selenium supply and timing of nutrient restriction during gestation on maternal growth and body composition of pregnant adolescent ewes J Anim Sci, February 1, 2009; 87(2): 669 - 680. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. S. Caton, J. J. Reed, R. P. Aitken, J. S. Milne, P. P. Borowicz, L. P. Reynolds, D. A. Redmer, and J. M. Wallace Effects of maternal nutrition and stage of gestation on body weight, visceral organ mass, and indices of jejunal cellularity, proliferation, and vascularity in pregnant ewe lambs J Anim Sci, January 1, 2009; 87(1): 222 - 235. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				B. J. Renquist, T. E. Adams, B. M. Adams, and C. C. Calvert Dietary restriction reduces the rate of estradiol clearance in sheep (Ovis aries) J Anim Sci, May 1, 2008; 86(5): 1124 - 1131. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				K. R. McLeod, R. L. Baldwin VI, M. B. Solomon, and R. G. Baumann Influence of ruminal and postruminal carbohydrate infusion on visceral organ mass and adipose tissue accretion in growing beef steers J Anim Sci, September 1, 2007; 85(9): 2256 - 2270. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. J. Ramsey and K. Hagopian Energy Expenditure and Restriction of Energy Intake: Could Energy Restriction Alter Energy Expenditure in Companion Animals? J. Nutr., July 1, 2006; 136(7): 1958S - 1966S. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				H. C. Freetly, J. A. Nienaber, and T. Brown-Brandl Changes in heat production by mature cows after changes in feeding level J Anim Sci, June 1, 2006; 84(6): 1429 - 1438. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				R. L. Baldwin VI, K. R. McLeod, and A. V. Capuco Visceral Tissue Growth and Proliferation During the Bovine Lactation Cycle J Dairy Sci, September 1, 2004; 87(9): 2977 - 2986. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. J. Hersom, R. P. Wettemann, C. R. Krehbiel, G. W. Horn, and D. H. Keisler Effect of live weight gain of steers during winter grazing: III. Blood metabolites and hormones during feedlot finishing J Anim Sci, July 1, 2004; 82(7): 2059 - 2068. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. N. Scheaffer, J. S. Caton, D. A. Redmer, and L. P. Reynolds The effect of dietary restriction, pregnancy, and fetal type in different ewe types on fetal weight, maternal body weight, and visceral organ mass in ewes J Anim Sci, June 1, 2004; 82(6): 1826 - 1838. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. C. Marini, J. D. Klein, J. M. Sands, and M. E. Van Amburgh Effect of nitrogen intake on nitrogen recycling and urea transporter abundance in lambs J Anim Sci, April 1, 2004; 82(4): 1157 - 1164. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. J. Hersom, C. R. Krehbiel, and G. W. Horn Effect of live weight gain of steers during winter grazing: II. Visceral organ mass, cellularity, and oxygen consumption J Anim Sci, January 1, 2004; 82(1): 184 - 197. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				H. C. Freetly, J. A. Nienaber, and T. M. Brown-Brandl Relationship between aging and nutritionally controlled growth rate on heat production of heifers J Anim Sci, July 1, 2003; 81(7): 1847 - 1852. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. N. Scheaffer, J. S. Caton, M. L. Bauer, D. A. Redmer, and L. P. Reynolds The effect of pregnancy on visceral growth and energy use in beef heifers J Anim Sci, July 1, 2003; 81(7): 1853 - 1861. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]