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Journal of Animal Science, Vol 73, Issue 5 1271-1281, Copyright © 1995 by American Society of Animal Science

JOURNAL ARTICLE

Growth, digestive capability, carcass, and meat characteristics of Bison bison, Bos taurus, and Bos x Bison

R. M. Koch, H. G. Jung, J. D. Crouse, V. H. Varel and L. V. Cundiff
Department of Animal Science, University of Nebraska, Lincoln 68583-0908, USA.

Three experiments involving 39 Bos taurus, 14 Bison bison, and 20 Bos x Bison fed diets differing in proportions of roughage and concentrate to evaluate growth, digestive capability, carcass, and meat characteristics are reported. Bos taurus consumed more (P < .05) feed per day and gained more (P < .05) rapidly than bison or Bos x Bison except during a period of extremely cold weather. Efficiency of gain was similar for all species types. There was no tendency for bison or Bos x Bison to gain more than Bos taurus on the higher-roughage diets. Bison and Bos x Bison had higher (P < .10 to .01) digestion coefficients for all components evaluated (i.e., DM, CP, GE, NDF,hemicellulose, and cellulose). Species x diet interactions were not significant, indicating that the higher digestion coefficients of bison were not specific to high-roughage diets. Bison and their hybrids had more (P < .05) lean meat and less (P < .01) fat trim in all wholesale cuts except the chuck and rib cuts. Fat thickness at the 12th rib of bison was higher (P < .01) than that of Bos taurus because most of the carcass fat of bison is located over the thoracic area. Bison and Bos x Bison had higher (P < .01) dressing percentages and a lower (P < .01) proportion of their carcass in the hindquarter than Bos taurus. Shear force and sensory tenderness scores indicated bison were more (P < .05) tender and had a flavor different (P < .01) from that of Bos taurus. Bison and Bos x Bison had more (P < .01) cholesterol in the longissimus muscle and less (P < .05) in the subcutaneous fat than Bos taurus. Bison had a lower (P < .01) percentage of white and higher percentage of intermediate muscle fibers than Bos taurus with essentially no difference in percentage of red fibers.


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J. G. Gentry, J. J. McGlone, M. F. Miller, and J. R. Blanton Jr.
Environmental effects on pig performance, meat quality, and muscle characteristics
J Anim Sci, January 1, 2004; 82(1): 209 - 217.
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Copyright © 1995 by the American Society of Animal Science.