J. Anim Sci.
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Journal of Animal Science, Vol 72, Issue 6 1561-1569, Copyright © 1994 by American Society of Animal Science

CLINICAL TRIAL

Effects of graded levels of bentonite on serum clinical profiles, metabolic hormones, and serum swainsonine concentrations in lambs fed locoweed (Oxytropis sericea)

G. D. Pulsipher, M. L. Galyean, D. M. Hallford, G. S. Smith and D. E. Kiehl
Department of Animal and Range Sciences, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces 88003.

To determine which clay minerals have the potential to bind swainsonine, an in vitro screening procedure was conducted. Twenty compounds were screened in one replicated in vitro trial. A commercially available bentonite bound approximately 10% swainsonine and was chosen for use in a subsequent lamb feeding trial. Twenty fine-wool lambs (30.5 +/- .7 kg) were assigned to one of five treatments (four lambs/treatment). Treatments included 1) positive control, 100% sorghum sudangrass hay, 2) 85% sorghum sudangrass:15% locoweed (Oxytropis sericea, 430 ppm [DM basis] of swainsonine) +0 g of bentonite, 3) Treatment 2 + 14 g of bentonite, 4) Treatment 2 + 28 g of bentonite, and 5) Treatment 2 + 42 g of bentonite. Lambs were fed the experimental diets for 35 d and were then fed the positive control diet for an additional 21 d. Lambs were weighted and blood was collected via jugular venipuncture weekly from d 0 through 56. On d 35, additional blood samples were collected 1, 2, 4, and 8 h after feeding. Weekly blood samples were analyzed for serum clinical chemistry profiles, and additional blood samples collected on d 35 were analyzed for serum metabolic hormones and serum swainsonine concentrations. Within 1 wk, serum alkaline phosphatase and glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase activities increased markedly (P < .05) in lambs fed locoweed. Serum insulin, growth hormone, and prolactin concentrations were not affected by feeding locoweed, but serum triiodothyronine and thyroxine concentrations were decreased by approximately 50% (P < .05) in lambs fed locoweed.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)


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B. S. Obeidat, J. R. Strickland, M. L. Vogt, J. B. Taylor, C. R. Krehbiel, M. D. Remmenga, A. K. Clayshulte-Ashley, K. M. Whittet, D. M. Hallford, and J. A. Hernandez
Effects of locoweed on serum swainsonine and selected serum constituents in sheep during acute and subacute oral/intraruminal exposure
J Anim Sci, February 1, 2005; 83(2): 466 - 477.
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Copyright © 1994 by the American Society of Animal Science.