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Journal of Animal Science, Vol 72, Issue 6 1555-1560, Copyright © 1994 by American Society of Animal Science

JOURNAL ARTICLE

Tissue distribution and residues of clenbuterol, salbutamol, and terbutaline in tissues of treated broiler chickens

A. Malucelli, F. Ellendorff and H. H. Meyer
Institut fur Physiologie, TU Munchen, Forschungszentrum fur Milch und Lebensmittel Weihenstephan, Freising, Germany.

To examine the tissue distribution and residues after withdrawal of various beta-agonists (i.e., clenbuterol, salbutamol, and terbutaline) 160 1-d-old broiler chickens were assigned to four groups. During treatment (16 to 35 d), the birds were fed a control diet or a diet containing 1 ppm of clenbuterol, 10 ppm of salbutamol, or 10 ppm of terbutaline. After d 35 all groups received the control diet. Five birds of each group were then slaughtered and tissues were collected on d 0, 1, 2, 3, 7, 14, and 43 following withdrawal of beta-agonists from the feed. Extraction of beta-agonists from the tissues was carried out by a new method using hetero-bifunctional solid phase extraction. The amount of beta-agonists in the extracts was measured by an enzyme immunoassay (EIA). The highest concentrations of beta-agonists were found in feathers: 224 ng of clenbuterol/g, 1,140 ng of salbutamol/g, and 1,159 ng of terbutaline/g. Clenbuterol accumulated above plasma levels in all tissues that were investigated (liver, kidney, stomach, muscle, fat, feather, eye). Salbutamol was most concentrated in feather, eye, liver, and kidney; terbutaline accumulated only in feather, liver, and kidney. Overall, clenbuterol showed the highest accumulation in the tissues analyzed. A withdrawal period of greater than 2 wk was required for residues in edible tissues to decline below detectable levels.


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