Journal of Animal Science, Vol 72, Issue 10 2681-2689, Copyright © 1994 by American Society of Animal Science

JOURNAL ARTICLE

Bioavailability of zinc from inorganic and organic sources for pigs fed corn-soybean meal diets

K. J. Wedekind, A. J. Lewis, M. A. Giesemann and P. S. Miller
Department of Animal Science, University of Nebraska, Lincoln 68583-0908.

Two experiments were conducted with pigs 1) to determine the effect of supplemental Zn on growth performance, bone Zn, and plasma Zn in pigs fed Zn-unsupplemented, corn-soybean meal diets and 2) to assess bioavailability of Zn from inorganic and organic Zn sources. In both experiments, weanling pigs were fed a diet with no supplemental Zn for 5 wk to deplete their Zn stores. In Exp. 1, 192 pigs were fed a corn-soybean meal diet (growing diet, 32 mg/kg of Zn; finishing diet, 27 mg/kg of Zn) supplemented with feed-grade ZnSO4.H2O to provide 0, 5, 10, 20, 40, and 80 mg/kg of supplemental Zn. Supplemental Zn did not affect weight gain, feed intake, or gain/feed during either the growing or the finishing period (P > .05). However, bone and plasma Zn concentrations increased linearly (P < .01) in response to supplemental Zn at dietary Zn levels between 27 mg/kg (basal) and 47 mg/kg (breakpoint). In Exp. 2, three levels of supplemental Zn from ZnSO4.H2O (0, 7.5, and 15 mg/kg of supplemental Zn) were used to construct a standard curve (metacarpal, coccygeal vertebrae, and plasma Zn concentrations regressed on supplemental Zn intake; R2 = .93, .89, and .82, respectively). From the standard curve, the bone and plasma Zn concentrations obtained from pigs fed 15 mg/kg of supplemental Zn from ZnO and 7.5 mg/kg of supplemental Zn from Zn-methionine (ZnMET) and Zn-lysine (ZnLYS) were used to calculate bioavailable Zn via multiple linear regression, slope-ratio analysis. The estimates of Zn bioavailability differed depending on which variable was used. Overall trends indicated the following rankings: ZnSO4.H2O > ZnMet > ZnO > ZnLys.

This article has been cited by other articles:

				Y. L. Huang, L. Lu, X. G. Luo, and B. Liu An Optimal Dietary Zinc Level of Broiler Chicks Fed a Corn-Soybean Meal Diet Poult. Sci., December 1, 2007; 86(12): 2582 - 2589. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				R. L. Payne, T. D. Bidner, T. M. Fakler, and L. L. Southern Growth and intestinal morphology of pigs from sows fed two zinc sources during gestation and lactation J Anim Sci, August 1, 2006; 84(8): 2141 - 2149. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				X. Li, J. Yin, D. Li, X. Chen, J. Zang, and X. Zhou Dietary Supplementation with Zinc Oxide Increases IGF-I and IGF-I Receptor Gene Expression in the Small Intestine of Weanling Piglets J. Nutr., July 1, 2006; 136(7): 1786 - 1791. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. J. Rincker, G. M. Hill, J. E. Link, A. M. Meyer, and J. E. Rowntree Effects of dietary zinc and iron supplementation on mineral excretion, body composition, and mineral status of nursery pigs J Anim Sci, December 1, 2005; 83(12): 2762 - 2774. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				C. E. Buff, D. W. Bollinger, M. R. Ellersieck, W. A. Brommelsiek, and T. L. Veum Comparison of growth performance and zinc absorption, retention, and excretion in weanling pigs fed diets supplemented with zinc-polysaccharide or zinc oxide J Anim Sci, October 1, 2005; 83(10): 2380 - 2386. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				S. Li, X. Luo, B. Liu, T. D. Crenshaw, X. Kuang, G. Shao, and S. Yu Use of chemical characteristics to predict the relative bioavailability of supplemental organic manganese sources for broilers J Anim Sci, August 1, 2004; 82(8): 2352 - 2363. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				B. L. Creech, J. W. Spears, W. L. Flowers, G. M. Hill, K. E. Lloyd, T. A. Armstrong, and T. E. Engle Effect of dietary trace mineral concentration and source (inorganic vs. chelated) on performance, mineral status, and fecal mineral excretion in pigs from weaning through finishing J Anim Sci, July 1, 2004; 82(7): 2140 - 2147. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. Roselli, A. Finamore, I. Garaguso, M. S. Britti, and E. Mengheri Zinc Oxide Protects Cultured Enterocytes from the Damage Induced by Escherichia coli J. Nutr., December 1, 2003; 133(12): 4077 - 4082. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				E. van Heugten, J. W. Spears, E. B. Kegley, J. D. Ward, and M. A. Qureshi Effects of organic forms of zinc on growth performance, tissue zinc distribution, and immune response of weanling pigs J Anim Sci, August 1, 2003; 81(8): 2063 - 2071. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				C. L. Case and M. S. Carlson Effect of feeding organic and inorganic sources of additional zinc on growth performance and zinc balance in nursery pigs J Anim Sci, July 1, 2002; 80(7): 1917 - 1924. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				K. J. Wedekind and S. R. Lowry Are Organic Zinc Sources Efficacious in Puppies? J. Nutr., December 1, 1998; 128(12): 2593S - 2593. [Full Text]

				J. A Lowe and J. Wiseman A Comparison of the Bioavailability of Three Dietary Zinc Sources Using Four Different Physiologic Parameters in Dogs J. Nutr., December 1, 1998; 128(12): 2809S - 2809. [Full Text]