Journal of Animal Science, Vol 71, Issue 12 3327-3338, Copyright © 1993 by American Society of Animal Science

JOURNAL ARTICLE

Plasma growth hormone, insulin-like growth factor, insulin, and thyroid hormone association with body protein and fat accretion in steers undergoing compensatory gain after dietary energy restriction

J. M. Hayden, J. E. Williams and R. J. Collier
Department of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia 65211.

Eighteen Chianina crossbred steers were used to examine the interrelationship between hormonal status and empty body protein (EBPRT) and fat (EBFAT) accretion during an 88-d controlled realimentation (REAL; DMI was adjusted weekly on an individual BW basis) period. Body composition was determined by monitoring endogenous whole-body 40[K]. At the end of restriction (REST) and on d 31 and 59 of REAL blood samples were taken and analyzed for concentrations of growth hormone (GH), IGF-I, IGF-II, insulin (INS), thyroxine (T4), triiodothyronine (T3), reverse triiodothyronine (rT3), nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA), glucose, and urea nitrogen. Depositions of EBPRT and EBFAT were decreased (P < .001) in REST (92 d) animals compared with nonrestricted (NR) controls. During REST, plasma levels of glucose, IGF-I, INS, T4, T3, and rT3 were decreased (P < .05); plasma urea nitrogen (PUN), NEFA, and GH levels were increased (P < .05), and IGF-II concentrations were similar between REST and NR steers. A transient compensatory response in BW gain and protein deposition occurred in repleted steers between d 35 and 62 of REAL. During this period, PUN levels markedly declined (P < .01) in REAL steers and glucose concentration increased (P < .01) to levels similar to those in NR controls. This response prevailed even though apparent digestible nutrients were decreased in repleted animals. During energy repletion, plasma levels of T4, T3, rT3, IGF-I, and INS were positively, and of GH was negatively, correlated with EBPRT and EBFAT gain in repleted animals. Unlike IGF-I, IGF-II was not correlated with compensatory body growth. These results suggest that compensating steers are more metabolically efficient; rapid body tissue gain occurs during a period of reduced nutrient digestibility. Additionally, plasma levels of IGF-I, GH, INS, and thyroid hormones, but not of IGF-II, are markedly affected by alteration of energy intake and are highly correlated with empty body gain and protein deposition in compensating late-maturing steers.

This article has been cited by other articles:

				M. A. Ward, T. L. Neville, J. J. Reed, J. B. Taylor, D. M. Hallford, S. A. Soto-Navarro, K. A. Vonnahme, D. A. Redmer, L. P. Reynolds, and J. S. Caton Effects of selenium supply and dietary restriction on maternal and fetal metabolic hormones in pregnant ewe lambs J Anim Sci, May 1, 2008; 86(5): 1254 - 1262. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				W. R. Dayton and M. E. White Cellular and molecular regulation of muscle growth and development in meat animals J Anim Sci, April 1, 2008; 86(14_suppl): E217 - E225. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				E. L. Sherman, J. D. Nkrumah, B. M. Murdoch, C. Li, Z. Wang, A. Fu, and S. S. Moore Polymorphisms and haplotypes in the bovine neuropeptide Y, growth hormone receptor, ghrelin, insulin-like growth factor 2, and uncoupling proteins 2 and 3 genes and their associations with measures of growth, performance, feed efficiency, and carcass merit in beef cattle J Anim Sci, January 1, 2008; 86(1): 1 - 16. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				P. Theilgaard, K. L. Ingvartsen, and P. Lovendahl Variation in plasma growth hormone during first parity in lactating cows J Anim Sci, February 1, 2007; 85(2): 388 - 394. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. J. Hersom, R. P. Wettemann, C. R. Krehbiel, G. W. Horn, and D. H. Keisler Effect of live weight gain of steers during winter grazing: III. Blood metabolites and hormones during feedlot finishing J Anim Sci, July 1, 2004; 82(7): 2059 - 2068. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A Meikle, M Kulcsar, Y Chilliard, H Febel, C Delavaud, D Cavestany, and P Chilibroste Effects of parity and body condition at parturition on endocrine and reproductive parameters of the cow Reproduction, June 1, 2004; 127(6): 727 - 737. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. J. Hersom, G. W. Horn, C. R. Krehbiel, and W. A. Phillips Effect of live weight gain of steers during winter grazing: I. Feedlot performance, carcass characteristics, and body composition of beef steers J Anim Sci, January 1, 2004; 82(1): 262 - 272. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. J. Hersom, C. R. Krehbiel, G. W. Horn, and J. G. Kirkpatrick Effect of the live weight gain of steers during winter grazing on digestibility, acid-base balance, blood flow, and oxygen consumption by splanchnic tissues during adaptation and subsequent feeding of a high-grain diet J Anim Sci, December 1, 2003; 81(12): 3130 - 3140. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				W. T. Choat, C. R. Krehbiel, G. C. Duff, R. E. Kirksey, L. M. Lauriault, J. D. Rivera, B. M. Capitan, D. A. Walker, G. B. Donart, and C. L. Goad Influence of grazing dormant native range or winter wheat pasture on subsequent finishing cattle performance, carcass characteristics, and ruminal metabolism J Anim Sci, December 1, 2003; 81(12): 3191 - 3201. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. E. Davis, S. L. Boyles, S. J. Moeller, and R. C. M. Simmen Genetic parameter estimates for serum insulin-like growth factor-I concentration and ultrasound measurements of backfat thickness and longissimus muscle area in Angus beef cattle J Anim Sci, September 1, 2003; 81(9): 2164 - 2170. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				K. A. Vonnahme, B. W. Hess, T. R. Hansen, R. J. McCormick, D. C. Rule, G. E. Moss, W. J. Murdoch, M. J. Nijland, D. C. Skinner, P. W. Nathanielsz, et al. Maternal Undernutrition from Early- to Mid-Gestation Leads to Growth Retardation, Cardiac Ventricular Hypertrophy, and Increased Liver Weight in the Fetal Sheep Biol Reprod, July 1, 2003; 69(1): 133 - 140. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				K. Y. Whang, S. W. Kim, S. M. Donovan, F. K. McKeith, and R. A. Easter Effects of protein deprivation on subsequent growth performance, gain of body components, and protein requirements in growing pigs J Anim Sci, March 1, 2003; 81(3): 705 - 716. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				I. Bossis, R.P. Wettemann, S.D. Welty, J. Vizcarra, and L.J. Spicer Nutritionally Induced Anovulation in Beef Heifers: Ovarian and Endocrine Function During Realimentation and Resumption of Ovulation Biol Reprod, May 1, 2000; 62(5): 1436 - 1444. [Abstract] [Full Text]