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Cystine and Vitamins of the B-Complex as Supplements to Raw Soybeans in Pig Rations^{1, 2, 3,}

North Carolina Agricultural Experiment Station

Abstract

Seventy-two pigs, weighing 30 to 45 pounds each, were used in a balanced lattice experiment to test the supplemental value of cystine and vitamins of the B-complex in rations containing raw soybeans as the only protein ingredient. Basal Ration 1 (B.R. 1) was made up of 49 percent ground raw soybeans, 49 percent starch, and 2 percent of an adequate mineral mixture. Basal Ration 2 (B.R. 2) contained 98 percent ground raw soybeans and 2 percent minerals. The supplemental values of cystine (0.3 percent of the ration) and a mixture of thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, pyridoxine and calcium pantothenate, alone and in combination, were tested on both basal rations. The vitamins were provided at a level which gave a margin of safety of at least 50 percent. Vitamin A was provided in all rations in the form of codliver oil. After 70 days on feed, average daily gains, adjusted for block differences, and feed consumed per hundred-weight gain (the latter indicated in parentheses) were as follows (in pounds): B.R. 1 0.48 (422), with cystine 0.72 (349), with B-complex 0.75 (378), with B-complex and cystine 0.86 (326); B.R. 2 0.90 (276), with cystine 0.98 (250), with B-complex 0.88 (266), with cystine and B-complex 0.92 (250). The effect of cystine was significant (p<.O5) under all conditions of the experiment, and this effect was not greatly changed by the basal diet which it supplemented or by the presence or absence of B-complex. The average response to cystine addition was 0.12 pound per day. B-complex supplement increased growth by 0.21 pound per day on B.R. 1, but had little effect on the all-Soybean ration. Additions of both B-complex and cystine to B.R. 1 made it quite comparable to B.R. 2.

¹ Read before the Division of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, American Chemical Society meeting, Atlantic City, New Jersey, April 15,1947.

² Contribution from the Department of Animal Industry. Published with trie approval of the Director as Paper No.265 of the Journal Series.

³ This investigation was aided by a Swift & Company fellowship.