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Journal of Animal Science, Vol 69, Issue 5 2057-2065, Copyright © 1991 by American Society of Animal Science

JOURNAL ARTICLE

Regulation of adipose tissue metabolism during pregnancy and lactation in the ewe: the role of insulin

P. M. Guesnet, M. J. Massoud and Y. Demarne
Lab. de Nutrition et Securite Alimentaire, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Jouy-en-Josas, France.

This study was conducted to examine the effect of insulin on lipid metabolism of adipocytes during pregnancy and lactation in ewes. During the first 3 mo of pregnancy, metabolism of adipocytes from omental adipose tissue was characterized by a high rate of de novo lipogenesis (90 to 125 nmol of acetate incorporated into lipids.2 h-1.10(6) cells-1) and a 38% reduction in response to beta-lipolytic stimulus (isoproterenol 10(-6) M). Simultaneously, there was a rise in the number of high-affinity insulin receptors (Kd = .2 nM), and insulin binding characteristics showed a decrease in the negative cooperativity phenomenon. Moreover, lipogenesis stimulated by insulin (1 mU/ml) increased in comparison with observations in nonpregnant ewes. The last third of pregnancy and early lactation were characterized by a marked fall in lipogenesis and a simultaneous increase in isoproterenol-stimulated lipolysis. During lactation, the number of total insulin receptors was decreased by 62% and insulin stimulation of lipogenesis became inefficient. Results suggest that insulin plays a direct role in adipose tissue metabolism during pregnancy.


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