Journal of Animal Science, Vol 69, Issue 1 328-338, Copyright © 1991 by American Society of Animal Science

JOURNAL ARTICLE

Small intestinal starch digestion in steers: effect of various levels of abomasal glucose, corn starch and corn dextrin infusion on small intestinal disappearance and net glucose absorption

K. K. Kreikemeier, D. L. Harmon, R. T. Brandt Jr, T. B. Avery and D. E. Johnson
Dept. of Anim. Sci, and Ind., Kansas State University, Manhattan 66506.

Eight Holstein steers (four at 300 kg, four at 406 kg) fitted with an elevated carotid artery, hepatic portal and mesenteric venous catheters, and abomasal and ileal cannulas were used in several 4 x 4 Latin square experiments to evaluate small intestinal starch digestion. They were fed alfalfa hay at 1.5% of BW and abomasally infused with water or glucose, corn starch or corn dextrin (one carbohydrate per Latin square) at 20, 40 or 60 g/h, with subsequent determination of small intestinal disappearance and net portal glucose absorption. Increasing the amount of all three carbohydrates infused abomasally increased the amount of carbohydrate disappearing in the small intestine. Increased infusion of glucose caused a continual increase (linear, P less than .01) in net glucose absorption, whereas net glucose absorption for starch and dextrin was maximal at the 20 g/h infusion (quadratic, P less than .05). With the 60 g/h infusion, 94% of the glucose but only 38% of starch and 29% of small intestinal dextrin disappearance could be accounted for as net glucose absorption, leaving a large portion of starch and dextrin disappearance unaccounted for. Of the infused starch and dextrin passing the ileum, 5.8 and 7.3%, respectively, was unpolymerized glucose, indicating that, at least in the distal small intestine, complete starch hydrolysis exceeded the capacity for glucose disappearance. It is concluded that only about 35% of the raw corn starch disappearing in the steer's small intestine resulted in net portal glucose absorption.

This article has been cited by other articles:

				M. Larsen and N. B. Kristensen Effect of abomasal glucose infusion on splanchnic and whole-body glucose metabolism in periparturient dairy cows J Dairy Sci, March 1, 2009; 92(3): 1071 - 1083. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				C. Loncke, I. Ortigues-Marty, J. Vernet, H. Lapierre, D. Sauvant, and P. Noziere Empirical prediction of net portal appearance of volatile fatty acids, glucose, and their secondary metabolites ({beta}-hydroxybutyrate, lactate) from dietary characteristics in ruminants: A meta-analysis approach J Anim Sci, January 1, 2009; 87(1): 253 - 268. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				G. B. Huntington, D. L. Harmon, and C. J. Richards Sites, rates, and limits of starch digestion and glucose metabolism in growing cattle J Anim Sci, April 1, 2006; 84(13_suppl): E14 - E. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				C. C. Taylor and M. S. Allen Corn Grain Endosperm Type and Brown Midrib 3 Corn Silage: Site of Digestion and Ruminal Digestion Kinetics in Lactating Cows J Dairy Sci, April 1, 2005; 88(4): 1413 - 1424. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				S. P. Montgomery, J. S. Drouillard, E. C. Titgemeyer, J. J. Sindt, T. B. Farran, J. N. Pike, C. M. Coetzer, A. M. Trater, and J. J. Higgins Effects of wet corn gluten feed and intake level on diet digestibility and ruminal passage rate in steers J Anim Sci, December 1, 2004; 82(12): 3526 - 3536. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				S. M. Rodriguez, K. C. Guimaraes, J. C. Matthews, K. R. McLeod, R. L. Baldwin VI, and D. L. Harmon Influence of abomasal carbohydrates on small intestinal sodium-dependent glucose cotransporter activity and abundance in steers J Anim Sci, October 1, 2004; 82(10): 3015 - 3023. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				S. Lemosquet, S. Rigout, A. Bach, H. Rulquin, and J. W. Blum Glucose Metabolism in Lactating Cows in Response to Isoenergetic Infusions of Propionic Acid or Duodenal Glucose J Dairy Sci, June 1, 2004; 87(6): 1767 - 1777. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				K. C. Swanson, J. A. Benson, J. C. Matthews, and D. L. Harmon Pancreatic exocrine secretion and plasma concentration of some gastrointestinal hormones in response to abomasal infusion of starch hydrolyzate and/or casein J Anim Sci, June 1, 2004; 82(6): 1781 - 1787. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. Vanhatalo, T. Varvikko, and P. Huhtanen Effects of Various Glucogenic Sources on Production and Metabolic Responses of Dairy Cows Fed Grass Silage-Based Diets J Dairy Sci, October 1, 2003; 86(10): 3249 - 3259. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				K. C. Swanson, J. C. Matthews, C. A. Woods, and D. L. Harmon Influence of substrate and/or neurohormonal mimic on in vitro pancreatic enzyme release from calves postruminally infused with partially hydrolyzed starch and/or casein J Anim Sci, May 1, 2003; 81(5): 1323 - 1331. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				C. J. Richards, K. C. Swanson, S. J. Paton, D. L. Harmon, and G. B. Huntington Pancreatic exocrine secretion in steers infused postruminally with casein and cornstarch J Anim Sci, April 1, 2003; 81(4): 1051 - 1056. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				C. J. Richards, A. F. Branco, D. W. Bohnert, G. B. Huntington, M. Macari, and D. L. Harmon Intestinal starch disappearance increased in steers abomasally infused with starch and protein J Anim Sci, December 1, 2002; 80(12): 3361 - 3368. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				K. C. Swanson, J. C. Matthews, C. A. Woods, and D. L. Harmon Postruminal Administration of Partially Hydrolyzed Starch and Casein Influences Pancreatic {alpha}-Amylase Expression in Calves J. Nutr., March 1, 2002; 132(3): 376 - 381. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				K. C. Swanson, J. C. Matthews, A. D. Matthews, J. A. Howell, C. J. Richards, and D. L. Harmon Dietary Carbohydrate Source and Energy Intake Influence the Expression of Pancreatic {alpha}-Amylase in Lambs J. Nutr., September 1, 2000; 130(9): 2157 - 2165. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				J. P. Cant, P. H. Luimes, T. C. Wright, and B. W. McBride Modeling intermittent digesta flow to calculate glucose uptake capacity of the bovine small intestine Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol, June 1, 1999; 276(6): G1442 - G1451. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]