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Journal of Animal Science, Vol 68, 254-265, Copyright © 1990 by American Society of Animal Science

Dry Matter Intake by Feedlot Beef Steers: Influence of Initial Weight, Time on Feed, and Season of Year Received in Yard

R. B. Hicks 1, F. N. Owens 1, D. R. Gill 1, J. W. Oltjen 1, and R. P. Lake 1

1 Oklahoma State University, Stillwater 74078

Feed intake records from a commercial feedlot were analyzed to determine the relationship of daily voluntary DM intake (DMI) by beef steers to initial weight, time on feed and season of the year in which the cattle were! received in the yard. Information was available for daily DMI for steers with ad libitum access to a high-concentrate feedlot diet at 7 d intervals from 2,051 pens of d e during a 3-yr period (1983 to 1985). Pens held a mean of 145 beef steers for a total of 296.367 cattle. For analysis, the data were! divided into groups of cattle entering the feedlot in the following four seasons: February through April (winter wheat pasture cattle), May through July (wheat pasture and early intensive grazing program cattle), August through October (grass pasture cattle) and November through January (grass pasture cattle). The number of pens received and placed on feed in each of these seasons was 604 (90,972 hd), 416 (56,543 hd), 585 (84,855 hd) and 445 (63,997 hd), respectively. This grouping of the data accounted for much of the seasonal pattern in feed intake attributable to the inseparable factors of environment (temperature and day length) and animal background and origin. For each season, equations describing DMI were developed that included initial shrunk weight, days on feed and mean intake from d 8 to d 28 as input variables. By including intake from d 8 to d 28 as in input variable, precision was improved (R2 increased by .10 to .19 units) and the model could explain 64 to 76% of the variation in DMI. Including such data allowed feed intake estimates to be customized for a pen, which led to more accurate DMI projection. By detecting low intake pens early in the feeding period, appropriate management corrections may be tested and applied.

Key Words: Feed Intake • Liveweight • Feedlots • Steers

Submitted on December 19, 1988
Accepted on May 23, 1989




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