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Journal of Animal Science, Vol 68, 233-244, Copyright © 1990 by American Society of Animal Science

Effects of Controlled Feed Intake on Performance and Carcass Characteristics of Feedlot Steers and Heifers

R. B. Hicks 1, F. N. Owens 1, D. R. Gill 1, J. J. Martin 1, and C. A. Strasia 1

1 Oklahoma State University, Stillwater 74078

Three experiments were conducted to determine the effects of limit feeding on performance of feedlot cattle. In Exp. 1, 72 yearling steers (374 kg) were fed a high-wheat diet for 149 d either ad libitum or at 85% of ad libitum (limit-fed). Feed required per unit of live weight gain was improved (P = .03) by limit feeding (8.78 vs 8.06 kg feed/kg gain). In Exp. 2, 80 yearling heifers (329 kg) were fed a high-corn diet for 140 d either ad libitum or at 89% of ad libitum (limit-fed). Efficiency of feed use (live weight basis) tended to be improved (6.82 vs 6.16 kg feed/kg gain, P = .11) with limit feeding. In Exp. 3, 93 predominantly Hereford yearling steers (293 kg) were fed a high-corn diet either ad libitum, 80% of ad libitum for the first 56 d and ad libitum for the remainder of the 138-d trial, or at a level (programmed) to obtain one of two constant daily weight gains (1.50, high-programmed or 1.35 kg, low-programmed). Daily gains were reduced by a mean of 7.0% with limit or programmed feeding (1.29 vs 1.20 kg/d, P = .07), whereas feed efficiency (carcass weight basis) was improved 3.3% (7.14 vs 6.91 kg feedkg gain, P = .10). In Exp. 1 and 3, the percentage of steers grading Choice was reduced (P < .10) with controlled feeding. In Exp. 3, improvements in feed efficiency in limit-fed steers were not attributable to differences in feed waste, digestibility or maintenance requirements (estimated from liver weight alone). Benefits from limit feeding may be the result of reduced day-to-day fluctuations in feed intake by individual steers.

Key Words: Cattle • Feedlots • Restricted Feeding • Feed Intake • Wheat • Corn

Submitted on December 19, 1988
Accepted on May 11, 1989




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Copyright © 1990 by the American Society of Animal Science.