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Reduction of Carcass Fat in Swine with Dietary Addition of Dihydroxyacetone and Pyruvate¹

Montefiore Hospital, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 and Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717

Abstract

Swine weighing 80 to 85 kg were fed a basal corn-soybean meal diet plus a mixture of dihydroxyacetone and pyruvate (3:1) (triose) or Polycose® (control), a glucose polymer, as 3.85% of calories (4% of the diet). Twenty-four pigs were pair-fed the triose mixture or control diet for 28 d in litter-mate pairs of the same sex. Weight gain and feed consumption were recorded and carcasses were evaluated for fat and muscle accretion. The right rear leg and rear one-third of the right loin were skinned, deboned, ground and analyzed for protein, fat, moisture and ash content. Average backfat depth and backfat depth at the first, last and 10th rib were reduced by 12, 15, 14 and 12% (P < .01), respectively, in triose-fed pigs. Loin eye area and untrimmed lean cuts were not altered by diet, but percentage trimmed lean cuts was higher (P < .02) in triose-fed pigs (57.6 vs 55.3%). Leg and loin tissue samples from pigs fed the triose mixture had a lower (P < .01) percentage of fat and a corresponding increased (P < .01) percentage of protein. Organ weights and the blood biochemical profile were not altered by triose feeding. Liver function tests were not altered in animals consuming the trioses, except for an 18% decrease (P < .05) in serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase. Ingestion of dihydroxyacetone and pyruvate will reduce body fat in limit-fed swine without reducing muscle protein deposition.

¹ Contribution No. J-2127 from the Montana Agric. Exp. Sta. project 16293212. The authors wish to acknowledge the assistance and advice of D. G. Gray in carcass evaluation, April Barnes for sample preparation, N. J. Roth for sample analysis and Jeanne Blee for preparation of the manuscript. This research was supported in part by Ross Laboratories, Columbus, OH 43216.

² Clin. Nutr. Unit, Dept. of Med., Montefiore Hospital, Univ. of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213.

³ Anim. and Range Sci. and Plant and Soil Sci. Depts., respectively, Montana State Univ., Bozeman 59717.

⁴ Anim. and Range Sci. and Plant and Soil Sci. Depts., respectively, Montana State Univ., Bozeman 59717.

⁵ To whom correspondence should be addressed.