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Effects of Porcine Growth Hormone on Glucose Metabolism of Pigs: I. Acute and Chronic Effects on Plasma Glucose and Insulin Status¹

The Pennsylvania State University³, University Park, PA 16802

Abstract

The acute and chronic effects of porcine growth hormone (pGH) administration on glucose hotneostasis of pigs were investigated in the present study. Twelve Yorkshire barrows (average BW = 65 kg) fitted with femoral artery catheters were allotted to three groups. Pigs received acute, intra-arterial injections of either pituitary pGH, a recombinantly derived pGH analog (ppGH or rpGH, 100 µg/kg BW) or saline. Acute injection of pGH did not affect fasting plasma glucose or insulin status. Pigs then were treated daily by i.m. injection for 24 d with 70 µg ppGH/kg BW. Serum glucose and insulin concentrations during the fed and fasted states were higher in pGH-treated than in control pigs. On d 25, an acute intra-arterial injection of ppGH (100 µg/kg BW) elicited increases in plasma glucose and insulin in pigs chronically treated with pGH. The area circumscribed by the glucose and insulin response curves 5 min to 7 h postinjection was 40% (P < .005) and 177% (P < .001), respectively, higher in ppGH-treated than in control pigs. These data indicate that pGH does increase plasma glucose and insulin in the fed and fasted states; however, this response is only observed after chronic pGH administration. In addition, pGH is capable of increasing plasma glucose and insulin acutely in the pig. This effect, however, only is observed in pigs treated chronically with pGH. The mechanisms by which pGH elicit these effects on glucose homeostasis are not known.

¹ Authorized for publication as paper no. 7899 in the Journal Series of the Pennsylvania Agric. Exp. Sta. We wish to thank J. P. Wiggins and P. E. Walton for assistance with hormone injections and sample collections. This study was supported in part by a grant from USDA (USDA Grant 85-CRCR-1-1822).

² Present address: Aurofood Private Ltd., Auroville 605101, Pondicherry, India.

³ Dept. of Dairy and Anim. Sci.; address reprint requests to T. D. Etherton.

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