J. Anim Sci.
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J. Anim Sci. 1989. 67:3-14.
© 1989 American Society of Animal Science
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Effects of Additional Feed during Late Gestation on Reproductive Performance of Sows: A Cooperative Study1

G. L. Cromwell2, D. D. Hall2,3,, A. J. Clawson4, G. E. Combs5, D. A. Knabe6, C. V. Maxwell7, P. R. Noland8, D. E. Orr, Jr.9,10, and T. J. Prince11,12,

S-145 Committee on Nutritional Systems for Swine to Increase Reproductive Efficiency, University of Kentucky, Lexington 40546

Abstract

A cooperative research study involving 1,080 litters was conducted at eight stations to determine the effects of additional feed during the last 23 d of gestation on reproductive performance of sows and on preweaning performance of their pigs. Primiparous and multiparous sows were fed fortified corn- or sorghum-soybean meal diets (14% crude protein). Control sows received 1.82 kg/d from March through November and 2.27 kg/d from December through February. Treated sows were fed an additional 1.36 kg of feed/d from d 90 of gestation to farrowing. Sows were allowed to consume the same diet ad libitum during a 21-d lactation. Additional feed in late gestation resulted in greater (P < .001) sow weight gain from d 90 to d 110 of gestation (16.8 vs 9.0 kg) and greater (P < .001) parturition-lactation weight loss (21.3 vs 16.4 kg). Total weight gain from breeding to 21 d of lactation favored sows that received extra feed (27.5 vs 22.7 kg; P < .001). Sows receiving extra feed had more live pigs at farrowing (10.05 vs 9.71, P = .06) and at 21 d postpartum (8.35 vs 8.06, P = .09), and the pigs were heavier at birth (1.48 vs 1.44 kg, P = .003) and at 21 d (5.37 vs 5.20 kg, P = .006). Lactation feed intake and number of days from weaning to estrus were not affected by treatment. The results indicate that additional feed in late gestation improves reproductive performance in sows. In this study, the cost of an additional 31 kg of feed/sow was more than offset by the value of the additional sow weight gain (approximately 5 kg), the additional .3 of a pig/litter at weaning and the additional 2.6 kg of total litter weaning weight.

Footnotes

1 Journal paper no. 88-5-49 of the Kentucky Agric. Exp. Sta., Dept. Anim. Sci.

2 Dept. of Anim. Sci., Univ. of Kentucky, Lexington 40546.

3 Current address: Purina Mills, Inc. St. Louis, MO 63166.

4 Dept. of Anim. Sci., N. Carolina State Univ., Raleigh 27695.

5 Dept. of Anim. Sci., Univ. of Florida, Gainesville 32611.

6 Dept. of Anim. Sci., Texas A&M Univ., College Station 77843.

7 Dept. of Anim. Sci., Oklahoma State Univ., Stillwater 74078.

8 Dept. of Anim. Sci., Univ. of Arkansas, Fayetteville 72701.

9 Dept. of Anim. Sci., Texas Tech Univ., Lubbock 79409.

10 Current address: United Feeds Inc., Sheridan, IN 46069.

11 Dept. of Anim. Sci., Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849.

12 Current address: Carl S. Akey Co., Lewisburg, OH 45338.






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Copyright © 1989 by the American Society of Animal Science.