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Comparison of Estimates of Ruminal Protein Degradation by In Vitro and In Situ Methods^1,2,

U.S. Department of Agriculture, Madison, WI 53706 and The Rowett Research Institute, Aberdeen, Scotland

Abstract

Ruminal degradation of eight soluble proteins and 10 protein meals was determined using three methods: 1) an inhibitor in vitro system (IIV), to which inhibitors are added to prevent metabolism of protein degradation products, 2) in situ incubations in nylon bags and 3) in vitro NH₃ production in typical ruminal inoculum. In vitro NH₃ production rate from different proteins was not related to in situ or IIV degradation rate. Degradation rates for soluble proteins by IIV ranged from .103 to .813/h, yielding estimated extents of degradation that ranged from 73 to 94% (assuming ruminal passage of .05/h). For seven of the protein meals, degradation rates measured by IIV were threefold greater than in situ rates. However, mean degraded fractions estimated from zero-time intercepts were twofold greater using the in situ method, and calculated extents of degradation averaged 83% of IIV values. Extents of degradation estimated (assuming ruminal passage of .05/h) for fish meal, soybean meal, linseed meal, sunflower meal, rapeseed meal, copra meal and meat and bone meal were, respectively; 55, 79, 84, 59, 75, 54 and 58% (IIV) and 46, 63, 69, 51, 52, 43 and 55% (in situ). These values were generally similar to those reported in the literature. The extent of degradation of feather meal was 28% by in situ determination. Neither the IIV nor in situ method gave significant regressions for blood meal; neither method yields reliable data for very slowly degraded proteins. The IIV procedure has the advantage over the in situ method because it can yield degradation estimates for soluble as well as insoluble proteins.

¹ Mention of commercial products or sources in this paper does not constitute endorsement of the USDA or the Agric. Res. Serv.

² The authors wish to acknowledge the excellent technical assistance of Mark Jackson and Heidi Mier for chemical and in vitro analyses.

³ Agric. Res. Serv., U.S. Dairy Forage Res. Center, 1925 Linden Drive West, Madison, WI 53706.

⁴ The Rowett Res. Inst., Bucksburn, Aberdeen, Scotland AB2 9SB, U.K.