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Effect of Dietary Selenium and Vitamin E on the Primary and Secondary Immune Response in Lambs Challenged with Parainfluenza₃ Virus¹

North Carolina State University, Raleigh 27695-7621

Abstract

This study was conducted to determine the effect of dietary selenium (Se) and vitamin E (Vit E) on various blood characteristics and the primary and secondary humoral immune response of lambs challenged with parainfluenza, virus (PI₃ V). Treatments included: 1) +Se/+Vit E, 2) -Se/+Vit E, 3) +Se/-Vit E and 4) -Se/-Vit E. The basal diet (-Se/-Vit E) was deficient in Se and Vit E. Sodium selenite (.2 mg Se/kg diet) and alpha-tocopherol acetate (20 mg Vit E/kg diet) were added to +Se and +Vit E diets, respectively, to provide adequate levels of each according to NRC recommendations. Following a 10-wk dietary adaptation and depletion period, lambs in all treatment groups were intratracheally inoculated with PI₃ V on d 0 and 35 of the 70-d study. Prior to inoculation, whole blood and plasma glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities were higher (P < .01) for +Se lambs. Whole blood and plasma GSH-Px increased (P < .01) after primary viral inoculation in +Se lambs but not in -Se lambs. Serum immunoglobulin M (IgM) concentrations were enhanced (P < .05) by Se supplementation on d 14, 35 and49 of the study. Selenium and(or) Vit E did not affect serum immunoglobulin G (IgG) levels. Serum PI₃ V antibody titers increased after inoculation on d 0 and 3 5 in all treatment groups. Titer levels appeared to increase more substantially for +Se lambs after primary inoculation, but increases were greater (P < .01) for +Vit E lambs after secondary challenge. Our results indicate that Se and Vit E independently enhance the immune response of lambs challenged with a viral pathogen.

¹ Paper No. 11335 of the Journal Series of the North Carolina Agric. Res. Serv., Raleigh 27695-7601. Use of trade names in this publication does not imply endorsement by die North Carolina Agric. Res. Serv. nor criticism of similar products not mentioned.

² Dept. of Anim. Sci. and Nutr. Program.

³ Address reprint requests to this author.

⁴ Dept. of Vet. Microbiol., Pathol. and Parasitol., North Carolina School of Vet. Med.