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Effect of Acute Oral Doses of T-2 Toxin on Tissue Concentrations of Biogenic Amines in the Rat^1,2,

University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada N1G 2W1^,4

Abstract

T-2 toxin [3-hydroxy-4ß, 15-diacetoxy-8-(3-methylbutyryloxy)-12,13-epoxytrichotec-9-ene] is an emetic Fusarium trichothecene mycotoxin known to cause lethagry, ataxia and feed refusal in economically important animals. Experiments were conducted to determine the effect of acute oral doses of T-2 toxin on tissue concentrations of neurotransmitters thought to play some role in regulation of feed consumption. Sixty-seven male weanling rats were intubated with a few grams of diet in a liquid slurry with or without 2.0 mg T-2 toxin per kilogram of body weight. At 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 24 and 48 h following dosing, rats were killed, and brains, spleens, hearts and adrenal glands were excised and analyzed for concentrations of neurotransmitters and metabolites using high-performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection. Administration of T-2 toxin caused increases in brain concentrations of tryptophan and serotonin at the early time intervals after dosing. Brain concentrations of dopamine increased, whereas concentrations of 3,4-dihydroxy-phenylacetic acid (DOPAC) decreased at the later time intervals following dosing. Concentrations of dopamine were increased in adrenal glands, whereas epinephrine concentrations decreased. Epinephrine was detected in spleen and heart after administration of T-2 toxin. It was concluded that the increase in brain indoleamines induced by T-2 toxin could contribute to feed refusal in animals suffering from T-2 toxicosis.

¹ Supported by Natl. Sci. and Eng. Res. Council of Canada and Ontario Ministry of Agric. and Food and Ontario Pork Producers' Marketing Board.

² The authors are grateful for technical assistance of Donald Saunders and Barbara Mann.

³ To whom correspondence should be addressed.

⁴ Dept. of Nutr. Sci.

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