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Effects of Alkaline Hydrogen Peroxide Treatment of Cotton and Wheat Straw on Cellulose Crystallinity and on Composition and Site and Extent of Disappearance of Wheat Straw Cell Wall Phenolics and Monosaccharides by Sheep¹

University of Illinois, Urbana 61801 and U.S. Department of Agriculture, Peoria, IL 61604

Abstract

Effects of alkaline hydrogen peroxide (AHP) treatment on cellulose crystallinity and cell wall phenolic monomer and monosaccharide composition were measured using cotton and wheat straw (WS). Two WS treatments were used in this study, Type I WS, for which pH is not regulated during AHP treatment, and Type II WS, for which pH is regulated at 11.5 ± .2 during AHP treatment. Wheat straw had a lower degree of cellulose crystallinity than cotton, but no differences occurred between treated and untreated substrates. Alkali-labile and nitrobenzene-extractable phenolic monomer concentrations were generally lower for Type I and Type II WS compared with untreated WS. Concentrations of glucose were higher and xylose and arabinose lower in Types I and II WS than in untreated WS. Disappearance of alkali-labile phenolic monomers and cell wall monosaccharides by wethers fed diets containing Type I (Exp. 1) or Type II (Exp. 2) AHP-treated WS were determined. Apparent digestibility of glucose and xylose before the duodenum, and of glucose, xylose and arabinose in the total tract, was greatest (P < .05) when sheep were fed AHP-treated WS diets in both experiments. In Exp. 2, disappearance of alkali-labile phenolic monomers was greatest (P < .05) before the duodenum and in the total tract when sheep were fed AHP-treated WS diets. Treatment of WS with AHP modified cell wall composition and increased cell wall monosaccharide digestion by sheep.

¹ This study was supported by the USDA under agreement No. 58-519B-3-1237, administered by the Northern Regional Res. Center, Peoria, IL, and by the Dept. of Anim. Sci., Univ. of Illinois, Urbana. The mention of firm names or trade products does not imply that they are endorsed or recommended by the USDA over other firms or similar products not mentioned.

² Present address: Dept. of Anim. Sci., Univ. of Missouri, Columbia 65211.

³ Dept. of Anim. Sci.

⁴ Present address: Dept. of Agron., New Mexico State Univ., Las Cruces 88003.

⁵ Present address: Dept. of Biochem., Rice Univ., Houston, TX 77251.

⁶ Northern Regional Res. Center, ARS, USDA.