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Effects of Feeding Sows Fat or Fructose during Late Gestation and Lactation^1,2,3,

University of Florida, Gainesville 32611 and North Carolina State University, Raleigh 27695-7621

Abstract

The effects of dietary fat or fructose supplementation during late gestation and lactation on sow milk production and composition and on progeny were examined. On d 88 of gestation, 24 sows were allotted by parity to three dietary treatments (eight sows/treatment). Treatments were 1) a 12.5% crude protein, corn-soybean meal control, 2) the control + 10% added fat or 3) the control + 23% high fructose corn syrup. All treatments were fed to supply 1.82 kg/d of the control diet from d 89 of gestation to parturition with sows in treatments 2 or 3 receiving .18 kg of additional fat or. 53 kg of additional high fructose corn syrup, respectively. Feed was gradually increased from d 1 to 7 of lactation to 4.54 kg/d of the control diet (plus .45 kg of added fat and 1.33 kg of added fructose for treatments 2 and 3) and remained at these levels for the remainder of the 21 d lactation period. All treatments were iso-nitrogenous; treatments 2 and 3 were iso-caloric. Litter birth weights, number of pigs born alive, weaning weights and piglet survival rate were not affected by sow treatment. Stillbirths were less (P<.05) for sows fed fat. Lipid content of milk 24 h post-farrowing was greater (P<.05) from sows fed fat compared with sows fed fructose. Milk production estimates indicated that multiparous sows fed fat produced more (P<.05) milk than sows fed the control diet. On d 112 of gestation and d 15 of lactation, serial blood samples were drawn to monitor sow response to a glucose challenge (1 g/kg body weight). Glucose clearance rate was increased (P<.05) during lactation in sows fed fat. Plasma glucose and triglyceride concentration in piglets at 2 h after birth were not affected by sow treatment. Piglets from dams receiving fructose tended to have lower (P<.1) plasma fructose. Free fatty acid concentrations were higher (P<.1) in piglets from sows fed either fat or fructose.

¹ Florida Agric. Exp. Sta. Journal Ser. No. 7474.

² Paper no. 1086 of the Journal Ser. of the North Carolina Agric. Res. Serv., Raleigh, NC 27695-7621. The use of trade names in this publication does not imply endorsement by the North Carolina Agric. Res. Serv. of the products names, nor criticism of similar ones not mentioned.

³ The authors are grateful to Dr. C. E. White, ARC, Live Oak, FL, for technical assistance and to the A. E. Staley Manufacturing Co., Decatur, IL, for supplying the high fructose corn syrup.

⁴ Contract for reprints: Dept. of Anim. Sci., North Carolina State Univ., Box 7621.

⁵ Research completed as partial requirement for the M.S. degree at the Univ. of Florida.

⁶ Dept. of Anim. Sci., Univ. of Florida.