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Growth and Adipose Tissue Metabolism in Young Pigs Fed Cimaterol with Adequate or Low Dietary Protein^1,2,

U.S. Department of Agriculture⁴ Clay Center, NE 68933 and University of Illinois^,5, Urbana 61801 and Texas A&M University^,6, College Station 77843

Abstract

The β-adrenergic agonist, cimaterol, was fed to young growing pigs to determine whether the carcass compositional changes observed in finishing pigs fed a β-adrenergic agonist would be manifest in young animals. Furthermore, because cimaterol increased the deposition of lean mass in finishing pigs, it could have a protein sparing effect in young pigs that are rapidly accreting muscle mass and have a high dietary protein requirement. Pigs were fed cimaterol (at 0, .25 and .50 mg·kg^–1 diet) and either an adequate (18%) or restricted (14%) protein diet from about 10 to 60 kg body weight. Pigs that were fed the 14 compared with 18% protein diet grew slower and ate less but had the same gain-to-feed ratio. These pigs also had shorter carcasses, less lean muscle and more fat deposition (assessed by carcass measurements and carcass chemical composition) than pigs that received adequate protein. Plasma protein and albumin concentrations were greater and plasma cholesterol, triglyceride and fatty acid concentrations were lower in pigs fed high compared with low dietary protein. Dietary cimaterol had no effect on any of the growth or carcass variables or on adipose tissue metabolism. When fed the high protein diet, cimaterol-supplemented pigs had smaller livers and stomachs. Dietary cimaterol did not have any major detectable effects on these young pigs, nor was there any evidence for a protein sparing effect.

¹ The authors are indepted to T. W. Acton, J. A. Dague and R. J. Pooschke for care and feeding of animals; to T. W. Acton and P. J. Reiman for feed preparation; to D. A. Kohmetscher and associates for slaughter and carcass measurements; to J. L. Waechter and associates for carcass chemical analysis; to L. J. Robinson, C. J. Smith and L-H. W. Yen for technical assistance; to M. M. Bierman for secretarial assistance; and to M. D. MacNeil for statistical advice and analysis.

² Mention of trade name, proprietary products or specific equipment does not constitute a guarantee or waranty of the product by the USDA and does not imply its approval to the exclusion of other products that may also be suitable.

³ Current address: Dept. of Anim. Sci., Oregon State Univ., Corvallis, OR 97331.

⁴ USDA-ARS, Roman L. Hruska U.S. Meat Animal Research Center, P. O. Box 166, Clay Center, NE 68933. Affiliation of Drs. Mersmann and Pond and location of Drs. Hu and Rule.

⁵ Dept. of Anim. Sci. Affiliation of Drs. Hu and Novakofski.

⁶ Dept. of Anim. Sci. Affiliation of Drs. Rule and Smith.

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