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Effect of Protein and Energy Intake by Primiparous Sows During Lactation on Sow and Litter Performance and Sow Serum Thyroxine and Urea Concentrations^1,2,

University of Nebraska, Lincoln 68583-0908

Abstract

The effects of protein and energy intakes by primiparous sows during a 28-d lactation on thyroxine (T₄) and urea concentrations in blood serum of sows, and sow and litter performance were examined in two experiments. Dietary treatments were protein intakes of 380 (LP) and 760 (HP) g of crude protein·sow^–1·d^–1 and energy intakes of 8 (LE) and 16 (HE) Meal of metabolizable energy (ME)·sow^–1·d^–1 in a 2 x 2 factorial arrangement. In Exp. 1 (34 sows), neither protein nor energy intake affected serum T₄ concentrations. In both experiments, serum urea concentrations during lactation were influenced by both protein (P<.001) and energy (P<.001) intakes. In Exp. 2 (221 sows), sows fed LP or LE lost more weight (P<.001) during lactation than sows fed either HP or HE. Backfat loss was greater (P<.001) in sows fed diets of LE than HE, whereas sows fed HP lost more backfat (P = .016) than sows fed LP. Pig weights on d 28 were influenced by both protein (P<.001) and energy (P = .038), with sows that were provided high intakes of either protein or energy having heavier pigs. Litter weight at weaning was heavier (P<.005) for sows consuming HP. Sows fed LP had larger litters at d 14 (P = .051) and 28 (P = .046) than sows fed HP. Sow energy intake had no effect on litter size or weight. Percentages of sows in estrus by 7, 14 and 35 d postweaning were higher (P<.004, P<.030 and P<.060, respectively) for sows fed HP than LP, whereas sow energy intakes had no effect on the interval from weaning to first estrus.

¹ Published as Paper No. 8116, Journal Series, Nebraska Agr. Res. Div. Research reported was conducted under Project 13-052.

² The technical assistance of Mary B. Barnes, Ruth M. Diedrichsen, Joy L. Kovar and Ken A. Pearson is gratefully acknowledged.

³ Present address: Anim. Sci. Dept., Inst. of Food and Agr. Sci., Univ. of Florida, Gainesville 32611.

⁴ To whom reprint requests should be addressed.

⁵ Dept. of Anim. Sci.

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