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Follicle Culture Enhances Fertilizability and Cleavage of Bovine Oocytes Matured in Vitro^1,2,

Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine⁴, Obihiro 080, Japan

Abstract

The fertilization and cleavage of bovine oocytes matured by intra- or extra-follicular methods were investigated. Oocytes were fertilized in vitro or in the rabbit oviduct and cleavage was assessed after in vitro culture of in vitro fertilized oocytes and after in vivo culture (rabbit oviducts) of xenogenously fertilized oocytes. The effect of fertilization with fresh-diluted or frozen-thawed semen were also examined. The intra-follicular method did not increase the nuclear maturation rate as-compared with the extra-follicular method (57.9 and 52.7%, respectively). However, the proportions of in vitro fertilized eggs (54.8%) and of cleaved eggs (two to eight cells; 34.6%) in the rabbit oviduct for 48 h after xenogenous fertilization were higher (P<.025) in the intra-follicular oocytes than those of the extra-follicular oocytes (37.1 and 21.3%, respectively). It was also found that the use of fresh-diluted semen resulted in more cleaved eggs from the rabbit oviduct than the use of frozen-thawed semen (43.4 and 23.3% in the intra-follicular oocytes, P<.025; 31.0 and 7.8% in the extra-follicular oocytes, P<.05), while the appearance of cleaved eggs following in vitro fertilization was extremely low (0 to 6.6%). The present results demonstrated that the intra-follicular culture method of bovine oocytes provided a physiological environment for cytoplasmic maturation leading to higher fertilizability and development than the conventional in vitro culture of extra-follicular oocytes.

¹ Paper presented at the 78th Annu. Meet, of the Jpn. Soc. of Zootech. Sci., Natl. Inst. of Anim. Husb., Ibaraki, March 29th, 1986.

² Address reprint requests to Dr. Y. Fukui, Dept. of Meat Anim. Reprod. Obihiro Univ. of Agr. and Med., Obihiro, 080, Japan.

³ Present address: Hidaka Field St., Ministry of Agr., For. and Fish., Hokkaido, 057-01 Japan.

⁴ Dept. of Meat Anim. Reprod.