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Enhancement of Ovulation Rate in Gilts by Increasing Dietary Energy and Administering Insulin during Follicular Growth^1,2,3,

Mississippi State University, Mississippi State 39762

Abstract

Two experiments were conducted to examine influences of dietary energy and insulin on ovulation rate and patterns of luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), glucose, insulin and estradiol in gilts during 6 d before estrus. In Exp. 1, 36 gilts were given altrenogest for 14 d to synchronize estrus. In a factorial arrangement, gilts were fed one of two levels of dietary energy (5,771 or 9,960 kcal metabolizable energy (ME)/d), and given one of two levels of porcine insulin (0 or .1 IU/kg body weight iv every 6 h). Dietary treatments began 4 d before and insulin treatments began 1 d after the last day of altrenogest, respectively, and lasted until 24 h after estrus. Main effect means for number of corpora lutea were 14.0 ± 1.3 and 17.6 ± .9 for 5,771 and 9,960 kcal ME (P<.05), and 14.6 ± 1.0 and 17.0 + .9 for 0 and .1 IU insulin (P<.05). Number of LH peaks on d 3 was greater for gilts that received 9,960 kcal than 5,771 kcal (3.3 + .2 vs 2.7 ± .2; P<.05), and for .1 than 0 IU insulin (3.2 ± .2 vs 2.7 ± .2; P<.05). During the first 24 h of sampling, concentrations of LH and FSH were greater (P<.05) in gilts receiving 9,960 kcal ME plus insulin than for other treatment combinations. Concentrations of estradiol were not affected by treatments. In Exp. 2, two formulations of insulin were evaluated for influence on ovulation rate. All gilts received altrenogest and 9,960 kcal ME/d as in Exp. 1. Then on the first day after altrenogest, seven gilts each received short-acting insulin (as in Exp. 1), long-acting insulin (zinc suspension, 1.0 IU/kg body weight every 18 to 24 h), or served as controls. Ovulation rates were increased (P<.05) by both insulin preparations (15.6, control; 19.1, short-acting; 18.5, long-acting; SE = 1.2). Concentrations of LH tended to be greater after short-acting insulin, but differences were not significant (P = .13). We conclude that increases in ovulation rate produced by dietary energy and insulin are not necessarily accompanied by changes in gonadotropins or estradiol.

¹ Journal Article No. 6330 of the Mississippi Agr. and For. Sta.

² Partial funding for this research was received from USDA-ARS Cooperative agreement No. 58-43YK-4-34.

³ Dept. of Anim. Sci. Address reprint requests to: Box 5228, Mississippi State Univ., Mississippi State, MS 39762.

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