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Effect of Dietary Electrolyte Balance on Growth and Acid-Base Status in Swine^1,2,

Abstract

The effect of dietary electrolyte balance on pigs fed lysine- or tryptophan-adequate or tryptophan-deficient diets was investigated in four experiments using 8- to 12-wk-old pigs. Electrolyte balance expressed as Na+K–Cl in meq/kg of diet, was varied by altering dietary levels of Na and Cl while holding all other minerals constant. In two experiments in which the basal diet contained a balance of 135 meq/kg, simple lysine or tryptophan deficiences caused depressed growth, feed intake and efficiency of feed utilization, but none of these responses was altered by dietary supplementation with NaHCO₃. In one experiment in which the electrolyte balance of the basal diet was 61 meq/kg and in which both lysine and tryptophan were limiting, NaHCO₃ supplementation significantly increased growth and feed intake. This did not occur if the diet was also supplemented with tryptophan. A final experiment was conducted to determine the response of pigs to a range of electrolyte balance (–85 to 341 meq/kg) in a practical corn-soy diet containing adequate levels of all amino acids. Growth and feed intake appeared to be maximal for balances of 0 to 341 meq/kg Na+K–Cl, but were decreased at –85 meq/kg (P<.05). Acid-base balance was adversely affected at 0 meq/kg. The results suggest that the response of lysine-deficient pigs to sodium bicarbonate is dependent upon the electrolyte balance of the diet, and also is influenced by other dietary amino acids.

¹ Supported in part by a grant from Church and Dwight, Piscataway, NJ.

² Portions of this paper were presented at the 76th and 77th Annu. Meet. of the Amer. Soc. of Anim. Sci., Abstr. no. 326 and 219, respectively.

³ Dept. of Poul. and Avian Sci.

⁴ Current address: Anim. Res. Centre, Agriculture Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, K1A 0C6.

⁵ Author of whom requests for reprints should be directed.

⁵ Dept. of Anim. Sci.

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